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Liu X, Cai YD, Hou C, Liu X, Luo Y, Mendiola AJP, Xu X, Luo Y, Zheng H, Zhao C, Chen CH, Zhang Y, Xiang YK, Ma J, Chiu JC. O-GlcNAcylation of nuclear proteins in the mouse liver exhibit daily oscillations that are influenced by meal timing. PLoS biology 2025 23(9) 40997131
Abstract:
The liver circadian clock and hepatic transcriptome are highly responsive to metabolic signals generated from feeding-fasting rhythm. Previous studies have identified a number of nutrient-sensitive signaling pathways that could interpret metabolic input to regulate rhythmic hepatic biology. Here, we investigated the role of O-GlcNAcylation, a nutrient-sensitive post-translational modification (PTM) in mediating metabolic regulation of rhythmic biology in the liver. We observe daily oscillation of global nuclear protein O-GlcNAcylation in the liver of mice subjected to night-restricted feeding (NRF) using label-free global O-GlcNAc proteomics. Additional site-specific O-GlcNAc analysis by tandem mass tag mass spectrometry further supports temporal differences in O-GlcNAcylation by revealing day-night differences. Proteins involved in gene expression are enriched among rhythmically O-GlcNAcylated proteins, suggesting rhythmic O-GlcNAcylation may directly regulate the hepatic transcriptome. We show that rhythmic O-GlcNAcylation can also indirectly modulate nuclear proteins by interacting with phosphorylation. Several proteins harboring O-GlcNAcylation-phosphorylation interplay motif exhibit rhythmic O-GlcNAcylation and phosphorylation. Specifically, we show that O-GlcNAcylation occurs at a phospho-degron of a key circadian transcriptional activator, circadian locomotor output cycles kaput (CLOCK), thus regulating its stability and transcriptional output. Finally, we report that day-restricted feeding (DRF) in the nocturnal mouse significantly alters O-GlcNAcylation pattern. Whereas global O-GlcNAcylation analysis indicates dampening of global O-GlcNAcylation rhythm in mice fed under DRF, site-specific analysis reveals differential responses of O-GlcNAc sites when timing of food intake is altered. Notably, a substantial number of O-GlcNAcylation sites exhibit inverted day-night profiles when mice are subjected to DRF. This suggests the dysregulation of daily nuclear protein O-GlcNAcylation rhythm may contribute to the disruption in liver transcriptome previously observed in DRF condition. In summary, our results provide new mechanistic insights into metabolic regulation of hepatic transcriptional regulators via interplay between O-GlcNAcylation and phosphorylation and shed light on the deleterious effects of improper mealtimes.
O-GlcNAc proteins:
A0A075B680, A0A087WQ44, A0A087WSN6, A0A0A6YVV8, A0A0B6VMB2, A0A0F7QZE4, A0A0G2JGY6, A0A0R4J092, A0A0U1RNL9, A0A1I7Q4G8, A0A1N9PTV1, A0A1Y7VP67, A0A286YCY7, A2A654, ZMYM4, TM201, MED14, A2ADB1, A2AJ72, S35D1, BCORL, A2AQR4, A2ATN3, MGAP, KANL3, PHRF1, B1AR09, B1ASA5, B2RQG2, B2RR24, B2RT41, B2RUQ2, EP300, RBM25, B7ZNL9, D3YWX2, D3Z0K6, D3Z2U7, E9PUF4, E9PUH7, FIBA, E9PV38, SET1A, PARP4, PRR12, E9Q1A5, E9Q1M6, ICE1, E9Q3L4, ANR11, ARI1B, SETD2, YTDC1, ZC3HD, ARID2, E9Q7G1, E9Q9V3, E9Q9Y2, E9QAN9, E9QAP7, E9QKL0, E9QMD3, E9QNA7, F6R9G0, F6T8X6, BICRA, G3UVU2, G3X8Q1, G3X928, G3X961, G3X972, G3X9Q0, PCF11, G5E896, H9KV00, ERR1, GTPB1, HNF6, CLOCK, GLU2B, ATN1, IMA3, KLF12, CALU, AF10, ZN143, SP3, KDM6A, ZN106, ZFR, CCNK, PIAS1, LGMN, SP1, IGHG3, CFAH, EGR1, ITB1, ATX1L, CATB, ITPR1, B4GT1, HNF1A, PGH1, A1AT2, NFYA, PO2F1, 3BHS3, HNF1B, CEBPB, CELF1, RXRA, VTNC, NKTR, SUH, ANT3, G6PC1, FOXA1, FOXK1, STAT3, CBP, FKBP2, FOSL2, RFX1, LMNA, STS, MAT1, PON1, CEBPA, ATX1, RD23B, KMT2A, FUS, PAXB1, LMA2L, MRTFB, SUMO2, PP1B, RS11, SMD3, NFYB, SUMO1, ZHX1, TIAR, TBX3, NFYC, ATF1, ERG, NFIB, RBBP6, GABPA, CREB1, S30BP, NFIA, ZEP1, SPA3M, PPA5, CLUS, GATA4, CHD8, CDK12, Q3T9J2, KHDC4, Q3TGN5, PRC2C, CIART, K22E, YETS2, Q3U1M7, LMF1, FOXK2, PUF60, RREB1, ZEP2, UD3A1, ZCCHV, PRRC1, SFSWA, PRD10, ERMP1, Q3UXF4, TMED1, ZBT45, Q569X9, LIN54, TASO2, RESF1, ZN652, NUFP2, KDM6B, Q5PRE9, Q5RIM6, RBM27, UTP18, Q5SUT0, MED13, Q5SXC4, SFR19, UIMC1, A1CF, SIN3A, CSK21, CAPR1, MEF2A, RBBP7, KLF3, NCOA2, USF1, CTCF, GATA6, TS101, HCFC1, ZN148, HIRA, LASP1, RAI1, MAFK, PRG2, SPTB2, SSXT, TAF6, UD19, NUP62, UD11, MEF2D, TIF1A, USF2, CDK13, JHD2C, HECD1, Q6DI81, SCAF8, NOMO1, FND3B, Q6NXL1, ZMIZ1, NSD3, UGGG1, ALG8, AHDC1, PTN23, PIGS, NUP98, NFRKB, GNAS1, ONEC2, FNBP4, CNOT1, NU188, SPCS3, PICAL, HUWE1, CPEB4, PRR14, ATX2L, NACC1, MCAF1, KANL1, NU214, PR40B, UBN2, TNC18, UBP2L, ZN598, Q80ZX0, DDX42, LPP, TET3, E41L5, SP130, ZC3HE, SUN2, EST2E, NCEH1, ARI5B, EMSY, TM260, RFOX2, TM209, KMT2C, ASPH, SRRM2, NUP54, CPSF7, TOX4, IFIX, CREST, Z385B, PIGT, PGLT1, YTHD3, KAT6A, ASXL2, ZN609, POGZ, SREK1, ZHX2, ZHX3, P20D1, MBNL2, RBM14, PIAS2, CNOT2, ITCH, DIDO1, EPC1, SCYL2, G6PE, TCRG1, BCOR, CCAR1, Q8CHB3, ADNP2, BICRL, EP400, PHC3, P66A, FWCH1, PDLI5, NUP42, ZMIZ2, BTD, UD3A2, ESRP2, TAF10, ZBT20, Q8K154, GT251, ALG3, BRD3, I2BPL, PO121, SF3A1, EST2A, SF3B4, Q8R084, ZBT44, MTSS1, TMED4, ZC3HA, UBQL1, NUP58, BRD8, ATX7, STAB2, RBM12, RBPS2, MED25, MAVS, ALG12, HNRL1, CDIPT, SRSF4, P66B, TAF9, MCR, SFPQ, MBOA5, UBAP2, SMAP1, NCOA5, RBM47, CREL1, SC16B, BAZ2A, RBM5, RISC, ALS2, BCL7B, TMCO1, SYDC, CIC, MED15, WAC, MED1, GORS2, RBM10, ZN281, MLXPL, ANR17, ZN318, TRI33, PCYOX, NECP1, RBM33, SSRA, CREL2, PINX1, INT12, SP2, PHF14, SUN1, APMAP, FIP1, AP2B1, RPN2, LMAN2, AKAP8, MYPT1, RSRC1, EIF3F, Q9EQC8, ERAP1, SALL1, Q9ERL0, RBP2, RTN3, PALLD, TF2H2, ANM1, NUP50, HAKAI, HYOU1, ELOV1, ZN207, DOPP1, CCNT1, TBL1X, PO210, VKGC, QKI, UBQL2, HIPK2, COP1, PR40A, FOXO1, PIGN, MAN1, GANP, ENTP5, NFAT5, CARM1, FOXO3, FBLN5, IF2H, Q9Z1A1, DEAF1, HTAI2, HNRPF, ITPR2, S4R1W8, V9GX43
Species: Mus musculus
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Shu XE, Mao Y, Jia L, Qian SB. Dynamic eIF3a O-GlcNAcylation controls translation reinitiation during nutrient stress. Nature chemical biology 2022 18(2) 34887587
Abstract:
In eukaryotic cells, many messenger RNAs (mRNAs) possess upstream open reading frames (uORFs) in addition to the main coding region. After uORF translation, the ribosome could either recycle at the stop codon or resume scanning for downstream start codons in a process known as reinitiation. Accumulating evidence suggests that some initiation factors, including eukaryotic initiation factor 3 (eIF3), linger on the early elongating ribosome, forming an eIF3-80S complex. Very little is known about how eIF3 is carried along with the 80S during elongation and whether the eIF3-80S association is subject to regulation. Here, we report that eIF3a undergoes dynamic O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification in response to nutrient starvation. Stress-induced de-O-GlcNAcylation promotes eIF3 retention on the elongating ribosome and facilitates activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) reinitiation. Eliminating the modification site from eIF3a via CRISPR genome editing induces ATF4 reinitiation even under the nutrient-rich condition. Our findings illustrate a mechanism in balancing ribosome recycling and reinitiation, thereby linking the nutrient stress response and translational reprogramming.
O-GlcNAc proteins:
A0A075B5P4, A0A087WNV1, A0A087WPT1, A0A087WQF8, A0A087WS88, A0A0A0MQM6, A0A0A6YVP0, A0A0A6YY72, A0A0B4J1E2, A0A0G2JFJ6, A0A0G2JFN8, A0A0G2JFY0, A0A0G2JG10, A0A0G2JG59, A0A0G2JG60, A0A0G2JG65, A0A0G2JGL8, A0A0H2UH17, A0A0J9YTU3, A0A0J9YUT8, A0A0J9YUY8, A0A0N4SV00, A0A0N4SV32, A0A0N4SW94, A0A0N5E9G7, A0A0R4J060, A0A0R4J169, A0A0R4J1E3, A0A0R4J1Y4, A0A0R4J260, A1BN54, A1L341, A1L3S7, A2A485, A2A513, A2A5N3, A2A8V8, A2AGK3, LZTS3, A2AM70, A2AMY5, A2APQ6, A2AS44, A2AVJ7, A2AWT6, A2BGG7, K1C28, A6X8Z3, A8Y5K6, B0V2N8, B1AU25, TBD2A, THOC2, TPC11, PLXB2, RBM25, B7FAU9, B7ZWM8, B8JK33, B9EHJ3, D3YTT9, D3YUW7, D3YV30, D3YV43, D3YVH4, D3YX49, D3YX64, D3YX85, SAFB1, D3YYT0, D3YZ62, D3YZL1, D3YZT4, D3Z1X3, D3Z2H7, D3Z3E8, D3Z4B0, CCD78, D3Z6N3, CILP2, D6RCG1, E0CY31, E0CYH0, E9PUA5, E9PUJ2, E9PUX0, GCN1, E9PVC6, E9PVG8, KI67, E9PW24, E9PYF4, SET1A, E9PYI8, E9PZW0, E9Q066, E9Q0F0, E9Q0M9, E9Q0U7, E9Q0Y4, E9Q133, E9Q166, E9Q175, E9Q1Z0, E9Q2X6, NU153, NOLC1, E9Q5F6, E9Q616, MYO1E, E9Q6A9, E9Q6M7, E9Q6T8, E9Q8F0, E9Q9C7, E9Q9H2, E9QA74, E9QAT0, E9QKG6, E9QLM4, E9QN31, E9QNH6, E9QNN1, E9QPE7, E9QPI5, F2Z480, F6S6G6, F6T0G2, F6TFN2, F6TW20, F6WTC8, F6XWD4, F6YRW4, F6YUI5, F7B296, F7C312, FARP1, F8VPX1, F8VQ29, F8WHR6, G3UWP5, G3UWZ0, G3UX48, G3UYD0, G3UYG6, G3UYW3, G3UYZ0, G3X8P9, G3X8Q0, G3X956, SI1L3, G5E839, G5E846, G5E866, G5E879, G5E8C3, G5E8J8, G5E8N3, G5E8T6, H3BJU7, H3BKF6, H3BKM0, H3BKN0, H3BKT5, H3BL49, J3QMC5, J3QNW0, CAN2, ATN1, SRSF5, IMA3, PININ, EIF3D, ATX2, E41L2, UGDH, SP3, IF2B1, ZFR, HIPK1, IGKC, IGHG1, HBA, K2C1, TBA1B, ALBU, HS90A, NUCL, ATX1L, EF1A1, H2B1F, CO1A1, HS90B, TCPA, GELS, HS71L, AP2A2, K1C19, BIP, VIME, MFGM, EIF3A, MCM3, MOES, CTNA1, U2AF2, PDIA3, GRN, PABP1, FKBP4, KIF4, TSP1, HSPA9, TKT, BCL6, FOXK1, H14, NEDD4, LMNA, MCM5, K2C6A, IMA1, KPYM, DDX6, ACTN4, EF2, ASXL1, ACTB, ABCE1, RRAS2, H4, HSP7C, CH60, TBA1A, TBB4B, H31, IMB1, TCPB, TCPE, TCPZ, WNK1, H32, MPRIP, G3BP1, TBB5, HNRL2, TOP2A, UBA1, PLAK, IF2P, EPS8, LRIQ1, ZCH18, LMTD2, FA83H, CDCA2, CYTSA, SPP2B, Q3TJ56, K22E, FUBP2, Q3U6F1, Q3U8S1, FOXK2, Q3UID0, Q3UJB0, Q3UNN4, SFSWA, K22O, CFA74, Q3UYN2, LRRF1, ESF1, KIF22, Q3V3Y9, Q45VK5, Q4FJZ2, Q4KL80, Q4TU83, PDS5B, DDX17, LRC47, Q52KR6, TR150, NEXMI, JCAD, NUFP2, PRSR1, RBM27, PHF12, UTP18, LC7L3, Q5SUT0, TSR1, MYO1D, Q5U4C5, SIN3A, SRC8, MYL6, STIP1, CAPR1, IMA5, LAP2A, HCFC1, K1C15, SMRD1, FXR1, DDX5, HS71A, SERA, KINH, MYH10, SIN3B, DDX3X, TIF1B, NUP62, K1C12, SQSTM, TOP2B, Q68EM3, CLH1, CDC5L, F120A, CNDG2, NOP58, SCAF8, K1C42, K2C1B, SR140, ZC11A, ABCF1, RRP12, Q6P5B5, UGGG1, XPO1, KIF11, FHOD1, LPPRC, NUP98, Q6PGF5, NEB2, DAPLE, UBE2O, LARP1, NU188, WDR43, 2AAA, Q792Z1, UHRF2, MBB1A, Q7TQE2, NU214, WNK4, KIRR1, FLNB, WNK3, Q80ZX0, LPP, ACTBL, P4HTM, MYPT2, HTSF1, IF4B, NU107, WDR3, NOC4L, CE128, NUP93, SUN2, RCC2, SYLC, CKAP4, SRRM2, NUP54, PWP2, SYIC, RL1D1, MAP1S, TTC34, SI1L1, RBM14, Q8C872, DIDO1, ATAD2, NUP88, Q8CFQ9, SMC2, UACA, SYEP, TCRG1, OGT1, CCAR1, SLTM, BICRL, P66A, COPA, HMCS1, Q8JZN2, EIF3B, BCLF1, PHLB2, NAT10, ANLN, SDHA, LS14A, MATR3, DDX18, PO121, EIF3L, HNRPL, NU133, EIF3C, ZC3HA, TDIF2, NUP58, CD109, LUZP1, UTP6, MYH9, UHRF1, VIGLN, CCAR2, CUL7, K2C79, Q8VGW3, DHX36, SFPQ, ACLY, DDX1, U3IP2, SYYC, RPN1, YTHD2, BMP2K, SNX18, SMCA5, Q921K2, SF3B3, DDX27, Q921S6, SMTN, PP6R3, K2C5, DEN2B, NXF1, NONO, ACON, NMD3, RTCB, CT2NL, HSP7E, NU155, IF2B3, Q9CPN9, SMC1A, SMC3, CXXC1, GARS, CEP72, SC23B, Q9D6D0, NOP56, FIP1, SPB1, MYPT1, NVL, EIF3F, RAI14, CPSF1, PESC, VPS35, LIMA1, DKC1, PALLD, NUP50, DDX21, FLII, YBOX3, IQGA1, Q9QUK9, CAF1A, K1C17, MAGD1, MTA2, PR40A, MYO1C, COR1C, E41L3, EHD1, WDR46, ZO2, NU160, ADNP, SYVC, Q9Z1R9, BAZ1B, K1C16, SNUT1, S4R2A9, S4R2J9, V9GX87
Species: Mus musculus
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Burt RA, Dejanovic B, Peckham HJ, Lee KA, Li X, Ounadjela JR, Rao A, Malaker SA, Carr SA, Myers SA. Novel Antibodies for the Simple and Efficient Enrichment of Native O-GlcNAc Modified Peptides. Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP 2021 20 34678516
Abstract:
Antibodies against posttranslational modifications (PTMs) such as lysine acetylation, ubiquitin remnants, or phosphotyrosine have resulted in significant advances in our understanding of the fundamental roles of these PTMs in biology. However, the roles of a number of PTMs remain largely unexplored due to the lack of robust enrichment reagents. The addition of N-acetylglucosamine to serine and threonine residues (O-GlcNAc) by the O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) is a PTM implicated in numerous biological processes and disease states but with limited techniques for its study. Here, we evaluate a new mixture of anti-O-GlcNAc monoclonal antibodies for the immunoprecipitation of native O-GlcNAcylated peptides from cells and tissues. The anti-O-GlcNAc antibodies display good sensitivity and high specificity toward O-GlcNAc-modified peptides and do not recognize O-GalNAc or GlcNAc in extended glycans. Applying this antibody-based enrichment strategy to synaptosomes from mouse brain tissue samples, we identified over 1300 unique O-GlcNAc-modified peptides and over 1000 sites using just a fraction of sample preparation and instrument time required in other landmark investigations of O-GlcNAcylation. Our rapid and robust method greatly simplifies the analysis of O-GlcNAc signaling and will help to elucidate the role of this challenging PTM in health and disease.
O-GlcNAc proteins:
IQIP1, A0A0A6YWG7, A0A0G2JF55, A0A0N4SW93, A0A0R4J060, A0A0U1RPL0, A0A140LIW3, A0A140T8K9, A0A1B0GS41, A0A1B0GS91, A0A1D5RMI8, A0A1L1M1J8, A0A1L1SR84, A0A1N9NPH8, A0A1Y7VNZ6, A0A286YDB3, A0JNY3, A2A482, A2A654, TANC2, LZTS3, AJM1, BCORL, A2AUD5, A2AWN8, B1ASA5, B1ATC3, B1AUX2, B2RQL0, CSPP1, B2RY58, B7ZNA5, CTTB2, D3YU22, D3YUV1, D3YWX2, D3YZ21, SHAN1, D3Z5K8, E0CXZ9, E9PUL3, PRRT2, E9PUR0, E9PV26, E9PVY8, SET1A, E9Q0N0, E9Q3E2, NU153, E9Q4K0, ARI1B, SETD2, E9Q6H8, E9Q6L9, E9Q828, E9Q9C0, E9Q9Y4, E9QAQ7, E9QAU4, E9QAU9, E9QKI2, E9QLZ9, E9QM77, F2Z3U3, F6RQA2, SYGP1, F7C376, BICRA, F8VQL9, F8WIS9, G3UZM1, G3X8R8, G3X928, RFIP2, H3BKF3, H3BKP8, H9KV00, J3QNT7, DPYL2, PRDX6, MNT, NUMBL, PEX5, BMPR2, CTND2, PITM1, ACK1, CAC1B, SYUA, DSG2, SPT5H, E41L2, SP3, KDM6A, CPNS1, ZFR, HCN1, CTBP1, BSN, STAM2, SYN1, MBP, EGR1, NFL, NFM, ITB1, RC3H2, ATX1L, RL7A, MAP1B, VIME, EIF3A, RGRF1, PABP1, FOXK1, EAA2, CBP, RFX1, SOX2, KPYM, CTBP2, GCP3, TB182, GMEB2, PI5PA, DOCK4, PCBP1, LIPA3, RS3, PAX6, KCNJ3, PP2BA, TBA4A, STAM1, NCOA1, CXB6, WNK1, PSME2, WBP2, SHPS1, NRSN1, CTNB1, PLAK, S30BP, ZEP1, YES, CAPR2, MITF, GRD2I, Q0VF59, HDX, MA6D1, F171B, ZFHX2, MLXIP, PDLI7, PRC2C, CIART, YETS2, SRBP2, Q3U2K8, GSE1, RREB1, WNK2, DAB2P, ZEP2, AAK1, TNR6A, GRIN1, SRBS2, GRM5, Q3UZG4, RBM44, Q3ZB57, PHAR4, RESF1, Q5EBP8, UNKL, VP13A, COBL, KDM6B, PRSR1, Q5RIM6, SMG7, RBM27, TM1L2, Q5SVJ0, Q5SXC4, SIN3A, GAS7, CAPR1, KLF3, SIX4, AP180, GRID2, PACN1, LASP1, RAI1, NOTC3, SALL3, SPTB2, ARI3A, NUP62, PHC1, TFE3, PAN3, TIF1A, SF01, SYN2, SBNO1, CRTC1, RIPR1, GIT1, PKP4, ABLM3, ARMX2, CE170, Q6AXD2, NIPBL, FBX41, RPRD2, WWC2, Q6P1J1, Q6P5E3, UGGG1, SPRE3, Q6P9N8, AHDC1, PTN23, TRAK1, DLGP3, NYAP1, DHX29, NFRKB, MAGI1, Q6XZL8, CNOT1, SYNE2, IF2A, PLPR4, PLPR3, CCNT2, PRC2A, MAP6, MCAF1, RERE, NU214, SESD1, C2C2L, CNKR2, SLIK5, RHG32, LPP, NELFA, C42S2, TB10B, TGO1, RFOX3, SP130, ANS1B, ZC3HE, ZC21A, BAIP2, KAT6B, RELL2, LIPA2, CNOT4, TOX4, GASP2, CREST, KDM4A, GRIN3, KAT6A, ZN609, PAK5, A16L1, SI1L1, SH3R3, SKA3, RBM14, Q8C5J0, CNOT2, WDR26, UBA6, ANK2, DIDO1, SYNPO, VCIP1, FHI2A, NUP88, NED4L, SET1B, TENS2, OGT1, NAV1, STAU2, AFG32, S4A8, ZBT20, HS12A, GLT18, UNC5A, AGFG1, FRRS1, KCNQ3, PO121, T2FB, MTSS1, Q8R2E1, NUP35, MAVS, SGIP1, HNRL1, PP16B, CCG8, SFPQ, UBAP2, NCOA5, AJUBA, DCP1A, TWF1, ALS2, ETFD, GRIP1, GORS2, NONO, ZN281, CT2NL, RN111, ANR17, PPP6, RBM7, CYGB, SARNP, DLGP1, SUN1, TM263, GON4L, PLIN3, MYPT1, NBEA, ZN704, RBP2, ARHG7, RTN3, NUDT3, TULP4, Q9JIZ5, PAR6G, SCAM5, PRG4, ZN207, SRCN1, ASAP1, DREB, ULK2, ADDA, PCLO, UBQL2, FBX6, PCM1, SYT7, CRY2, FOXO1, MAST1, LYPA2, TEN3, GANP, DEMA, E41L3, ZO2, BAG6, E41L1, RM40, GRIA3, S4R294, V9GWU7, V9GX40
Species: Mus musculus
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Yao D, Taguchi T, Matsumura T, Pestell R, Edelstein D, Giardino I, Suske G, Rabbani N, Thornalley PJ, Sarthy VP, Hammes HP, Brownlee M. High glucose increases angiopoietin-2 transcription in microvascular endothelial cells through methylglyoxal modification of mSin3A. The Journal of biological chemistry 2007 282(42) 17670746
Abstract:
Methylglyoxal is a highly reactive dicarbonyl degradation product formed from triose phosphates during glycolysis. Methylglyoxal forms stable adducts primarily with arginine residues of intracellular proteins. The biologic role of this covalent modification in regulating cell function is not known. Here we report that in mouse kidney endothelial cells, high glucose causes increased methylglyoxal modification of the corepressor mSin3A. Methylglyoxal modification of mSin3A results in increased recruitment of O-GlcNAc-transferase, with consequent increased modification of Sp3 by O-linked N-acetylglucosamine. This modification of Sp3 causes decreased binding to a glucose-responsive GC-box in the angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) promoter, resulting in increased Ang-2 expression. Increased Ang-2 expression induced by high glucose increased expression of intracellular adhesion molecule 1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 in cells and in kidneys from diabetic mice and sensitized microvascular endothelial cells to the proinflammatory effects of tumor necrosis factor alpha. This novel mechanism for regulating gene expression may play a role in the pathobiology of diabetic vascular disease.
O-GlcNAc proteins:
SP3
Species: Mus musculus
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