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Xu S, Yin K, Xu X, Fu L, Wu R. O-GlcNAcylation reduces proteome solubility and regulates the formation of biomolecular condensates in human cells. Nature communications 2025 16(1) 40307207
Abstract:
O-GlcNAcylation plays critical roles in the regulation of protein functions and cellular activities, including protein interactions with other macromolecules. While the formation of biomolecular condensates (or biocondensates) regulated by O-GlcNAcylation in a few individual proteins has been reported, systematic investigation of O-GlcNAcylation on the regulation of biocondensate formation remains to be explored. Here we systematically study the roles of O-GlcNAcylation in regulating protein solubility and its impacts on RNA-protein condensates using mass spectrometry-based chemoproteomics. Unexpectedly, we observe a system-wide decrease in the solubility of proteins modified by O-GlcNAcylation, with glycoproteins involved in focal adhesion and actin binding exhibiting the most significant decrease. Furthermore, O-GlcNAcylation sites located in disordered regions and with fewer acidic and aromatic residues nearby are related to a greater drop in protein solubility. Additionally, we discover that a specific group of O-GlcNAcylation events promotes the dissociation of RNA-protein condensates under heat stress, while some enhance the formation of RNA-protein condensates during the recovery phase. Using site mutagenesis, inhibition of O-GlcNAc transferase, and fluorescence microscopy, we validate that O-GlcNAcylation regulates the formation of biocondensates for YTHDF3 and NUFIP2. This work advances our understanding of the functions of protein O-GlcNAcylation and its roles in the formation of biomolecular condensates.
O-GlcNAc proteins:
MEX3A, CNOT1, RGPD3, P121C, MYO1G, H7C0N4, PDLI1, CBX4, TAF4, RFXAP, PODXL, ARI1A, UTY, ABLM1, DVL1, KMT2D, HGS, MYPT1, XPO1, SET1A, PUR4, FYB1, PPM1G, EIF3H, IPO8, NUP42, KDM6A, ZZEF1, TET3, SI1L1, CP110, SYNJ1, IF4G3, TGON2, WIPF1, HTSF1, MYPT2, SMCA5, GANP, MA1A2, DIAP1, PLIN3, MAFK, KIN17, CUTA, N4BP1, CLAP2, BRE1B, PP6R2, ANR17, ZN217, FLNB, NCOR1, SPAG7, TACC1, GGYF1, ERLN1, WBP4, U520, WDHD1, RNH2A, STAM2, CBPD, STK10, TOX4, ST65G, TOX, PCF11, ENDD1, UBR5, AGFG2, KIF4A, MPZL1, IPO7, BAG4, SC24B, HERC2, ZMYM6, BAG3, CLPT1, ABL1, ADA, LDLR, HLAB, TFR1, CATA, GCR, KITH, HLAA, RPN2, ITB2, RLA2, RLA0, ITB1, RB, TPM3, SAP, LAMB1, SP1, PTPRC, ITA5, VIME, SNRPA, ROA1, ATX1L, DERPC, MYBA, CH60, PABP1, TPR, SKI, XRCC6, LAMP2, ITA4, HCLS1, KPYM, PO2F1, RAC2, IGLL1, RS2, TFE2, LEUK, CREB1, GCFC2, ATF7, SON, ATF1, TFE3, NFKB1, AL5AP, PUR2, ROA2, CBL, IF4B, AT2B4, APC, MGAT1, ARNT, DCK, PYR1, CALR, MAP4, CALX, NDUS1, PML, PDIA3, HMOX2, AMRP, CLIP1, ZEP2, HNRH1, ELF1, ICAM3, TTK, CAH8, BMI1, PTN7, RFC1, ADDA, NU214, MP2K2, HPCL1, VATA, CUX1, TXLNA, MLH1, PEX19, S19A1, LAP2A, LAP2B, STAT1, EPS15, MATR3, KI67, CRKL, UTRN, CAPZB, RFX5, PRC2A, NASP, FAS, CDK8, YLPM1, NU153, RBP2, TAF6, EMD, TCPQ, PAPOA, PLCD1, HCFC1, AFF3, ROA3, AGFG1, RBM5, ACLY, SMTN, RD23A, AF10, DSRAD, CADH4, SEC13, IF6, STX17, CORO7, NU107, SELB, TPIS, RAB2A, DCAF7, TIM10, CNBP, TBA1B, NOMO3, F193A, IGBP1, IF4G2, GTF2I, PHC1, NUCB2, TMF1, RT09, SARNP, FOXK1, FBLN2, FAM3A, RBM10, CDK6, HNRPU, SPTB2, FOXK2, RUNX1, CAP1, MEF2A, SP2, KMT2A, IF4G1, TLE1, TLE2, TLE3, TLE4, REL, GFPT1, GABPA, RING1, VAC14, EP300, AHNK, BRME1, MGAT2, GALT2, TROAP, TROP, BPTF, SFSWA, DPYD, TP53B, IRAG2, NFAC3, ROA0, AIMP2, GPS2, PABP4, S39A6, PICAL, HDAC1, STIM1, MTMR2, CUL4B, ASPP2, PEBB, NFYC, LRP8, VEZF1, BOP1, SEPT6, UBP2L, MLEC, ZMYM3, SRC8, LAGE3, PUM1, EPN4, RRP1B, NCOA6, GSE1, MEF2D, NFIX, ZN638, NUMA1, CND2, CND1, RB3GP, NECT1, PCBP1, PCBP2, ELOC, KS6A1, SC23B, JHD2C, ELF2, TAB1, NCOA1, ZYX, ADRM1, DPYL2, TAF9, DREB, DGUOK, QSER1, RHG31, AAK1, QRIC1, LRRF1, GNPTA, C2CD3, EPC2, PDCD4, BOREA, PAN3, BRD10, TGO1, PRC2B, PCID2, P4R3B, DCA10, SNP47, MANEA, ZN362, LRIF1, CAF17, CAMP1, UBAP2, CPTP, RC3H1, AHDC1, VPS53, RPRD2, ZN318, TASO2, ZMYM4, PAPD7, RN123, MAP1S, ARID2, NIPBL, LIN54, ANR54, PPR18, EDC4, SCYL2, GOLM2, NFRKB, RSBNL, MDEAS, BRAT1, ZC3HE, LARP1, FIP1, CRTC3, SHSA2, PI16, MCAF1, BCOR, GGYF2, NFXL1, QSOX2, YJ005, UBN2, MTSS2, NOL8, SSH2, ASXL2, SPT6H, LRC8D, EIF3M, MEPCE, KDM3B, TRM1L, ZCCHV, EFL1, KANL1, POGZ, ZFY16, NUFP2, MAVS, EMSY, I2BP2, HUWE1, YTHD3, KAISO, LDB1, LYRIC, RETR3, TSYL5, DZIP3, CACL1, P66A, C2CD5, HIPK1, ERI1, DEN1C, VRK3, ARI3B, MGAP, Z3H7A, CDAN1, ANKH1, SUGP1, GLT12, K2013, PHAR4, DCP1B, XRN1, RPTOR, NUP93, ZN687, FNBP4, NOPC1, ZBTB2, EMC1, CB069, EIF1A, KRI1, AFG2A, NHLC2, AVL9, XXLT1, GOLM1, SUMF2, TXND5, KCT2, CHSTE, SLAI1, TNR6A, PHC3, SP20H, KMT2C, BD1L1, ARI1B, NUP35, KNL1, MSPD2, NEDD1, GABP2, PIGX, STT3B, ALMS1, NEK9, NEK7, PO210, GEMI5, PIGO, MZB1, RAB2B, TM263, NUDT8, ZFN2B, HNRLL, PCNP, LMO7, ATX2L, P66B, GBF1, SMG7, RTF1, TOPB1, TSC1, PRCC, RREB1, CBP, DDX17, SEM4D, GSLG1, RENT1, GPKOW, FUBP2, ARHG2, UBP7, LPP, IGSF8, MRTFA, ACD, RAB37, PF21A, DOC10, DCPS, FAF2, TMCO6, ESS2, RMI2, TONSL, PDLI5, ZN414, VCIP1, PDLI2, ANCHR, ZFR, EP400, PRRC1, RBM14, QKI, PURB, SPAG5, CIC, MED15, ERGI2, ERBIN, LYSM1, MYADM, SEBP2, RUFY1, MINT, HTF4, CNN2, AGAP2, CSN8, CGRE1, DOK1, CTIP, SMAD5, S29A1, ARI3A, ANM1, DPH2, PELO, ERP44, ESYT1, CNPY3, WAC, MMTA2, HNRL1, ALG8, TMUB1, YJU2, PAPOG, SSBP3, JAM3, OSB11, NAA15, EIF2A, MK67I, YTHD1, KPCD2, UCK2, FTO, AMRA1, CEP44, BC11B, YIPF3, BRD8, XYLT2, I2BPL, MEGF9, EPC1, SLK, ADNP, ZN106, TM245, TMX1, CENPH, WNK1, ZHX3, DOCK5, PKHG2, KANL2, PKHA5, CLSPN, MYG1, RC3H2, LY9, TAF9B, S38AA, TM165, NCOA5, TANC2, TNR6C, CHD8, RESF1, APMAP, ARFG3, UBN1, GP108, INCE, ANLN, GEPH, BMP2K, RBM12, STAU2, INT10, GPT2L, CARF, PP4R2, TAB2, RM39, EURL, CDK12, HPBP1, ITSN2, ARHGC, CHMP5, FOXJ2, SLAI2, CT2NL, TBC14, RBM27, KANL3, FRM4A, ANFY1, GMPR2, ZN219, SE1L1, B4GT7, STK39, SEC63, SUN2, SRP68, SEPT9, UBQL2, S30BP, PFD2, NRBP, EI2BD, CDC23, GGA2, GMEB2, DP13A, MA1B1, ACINU, NUP50, MRTFB, ZBT21, YETS2, HECD1, TPX2, MGT4A, SYNRG, MINP1, SCAF8, SET1B, TBD2B, DICER, SRRM2, SMC3, SCML2, ZN148, CLC11, POLH, PLAP, TPPC8, WBP11, GIT1, ZN281, SIT1, HBS1L, SALL2, TRRAP, ARIP4, HECD4, CRBG1, HYOU1, ATG4B, KLF12, PRC2C, RBM7, CD2AP, SRPRB, GMEB1, TACC3, STK24, NCOA3, M3K4, ZHX2, NS1BP
Species: Homo sapiens
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Wang S, Yang F, Petyuk VA, Shukla AK, Monroe ME, Gritsenko MA, Rodland KD, Smith RD, Qian WJ, Gong CX, Liu T. Quantitative proteomics identifies altered O-GlcNAcylation of structural, synaptic and memory-associated proteins in Alzheimer's disease. The Journal of pathology 2017 243(1) 28657654
Abstract:
Protein modification by O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is emerging as an important factor in the pathogenesis of sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, detailed molecular characterization of this important protein post-translational modification at the proteome level has been highly challenging, owing to its low stoichiometry and labile nature. Herein, we report the most comprehensive, quantitative proteomics analysis for protein O-GlcNAcylation in postmortem human brain tissues with and without AD by the use of isobaric tandem mass tag labelling, chemoenzymatic photocleavage enrichment, and liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. A total of 1850 O-GlcNAc peptides covering 1094 O-GlcNAcylation sites were identified from 530 proteins in the human brain. One hundred and thirty-one O-GlcNAc peptides covering 81 proteins were altered in AD brains as compared with controls (q < 0.05). Moreover, alteration of O-GlcNAc peptide abundance could be attributed more to O-GlcNAcylation level than to protein level changes. The altered O-GlcNAcylated proteins belong to several structural and functional categories, including synaptic proteins, cytoskeleton proteins, and memory-associated proteins. These findings suggest that dysregulation of O-GlcNAcylation of multiple brain proteins may be involved in the development of sporadic AD. Copyright © 2017 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
O-GlcNAc proteins:
SBNO1, F221A, CNOT1, WIPF3, MYO9A, APBB1, TAF4, P3C2A, DLGP1, C2C2L, DC1I1, CTRO, NCAN, ABLM1, KMT2D, MYPT1, PDZD2, RIMB2, TCPR2, ERC2, ANR28, LAMA5, OGT1, CLOCK, SI1L1, M3K13, HS12A, CP110, MTSS1, M3K7, TPD54, IF4G3, E41L2, FOXO3, KCNQ3, RNF13, MYPT2, AP180, PLIN3, MOT2, MAFK, HCN1, SLIT3, CLAP2, DEPD5, LIPA3, PP6R2, ANR17, LIPA4, NCOR1, GGYF1, HSBP1, ATRN, FLOT1, SYUG, TPPP, TOX4, SRBS2, TOX, ABLM3, AGFG2, RTN3, KCNH1, VAPB, ZFYV9, SC24B, CNOT4, ZMYM6, BAG3, DDAH2, ABL1, CRYAB, LMNA, MBP, FUCO, GCR, G3P, HSPB1, APOD, PERM, IF2A, NFL, NFM, SAP, VIME, CO4A, AN34C, ATX1L, ELFN1, DERPC, CALM1, CALM2, CALM3, LYAG, LAMC1, MTAP2, EPB41, BCR, LAMP1, PABP1, NFH, CO6A2, CO6A3, TPR, SKI, CSPG2, GFAP, KPYM, GNS, ZEP1, ARSB, ITB4, STMN1, ATF7, SYN1, NEUM, EGR1, SON, ELK1, TFE3, CSK22, ICAL, MAG, CSRP1, VDAC1, TENX, CBL, PTPRZ, OMGP, LAMA2, TENA, APC, DNJB2, MAP4, PTPRM, CLIP1, ZEP2, L1CAM, HS71L, CTNB1, ADDA, NU214, NUP62, SYUA, VATA, CUX1, STAT3, PTGDS, GRM5, GRIA1, MATR3, ATRX, NOTC1, MAP1B, SC6A8, PRC2A, UB2R1, NU153, RBP2, GSK3A, TAF6, TOB1, PPT1, FXR2, MECP2, AGFG1, NUP98, ATX1, DSRAD, LAMB2, CAD13, TPD52, STX17, MYPR, CSK21, F193A, SHPS1, IF4G2, PHC1, MAP1A, BASP1, KGD4, FOXK1, PGBM, RHG04, HNRPU, SPTB2, ANK2, NAAA, DYST, NOTC2, TLE2, TLE4, NMDZ1, MEF2C, ZO1, ACK1, LG3BP, DEMA, CAMP2, AHNK, BPTF, CNTN1, ANK3, ROA0, GPS2, MTA1, LSAMP, GAB1, PICAL, ASAH1, RIPK1, KCC2B, BMPR2, VEZF1, UBP2L, GIT2, DPYL1, DCTN1, SRC8, PUM1, EPN4, RRP1B, NCOA6, KCNB1, LASP1, CRYM, NFIX, NUMA1, SHPRH, HECAM, IF4H, PLEC, PTPRR, PTPA, NCOA2, SF01, JHD2C, T22D1, PI5PA, TAB1, NCOA1, ZYX, SYUB, ADRM1, CCDC6, AINX, DPYL2, NTRK2, TBR1, RTN1, RFX7, QSER1, AAK1, QRIC1, MA7D1, TBC25, TB10B, TPRN, FIL1L, SVEP1, GRAP1, AMOT, CCD93, IGS11, ARMX4, NHLC3, PRC2B, SNP47, CE170, ZEP3, SKT, UBAP2, RBM26, AHDC1, VP13D, MRCKA, RPRD2, RN220, F1711, TASO2, MLIP, PAPD7, TENS2, KANK2, CRBG3, ANR40, ABLM2, CAPR2, LIN54, F117B, SCYL2, NFRKB, MDEAS, ZC3HE, LARP1, FIP1, PAMR1, MCAF1, MPRIP, GGYF2, NFXL1, PPR3F, K154L, RAPH1, UB2R2, HAKAI, MTSS2, ASXL2, CEP68, SPT6H, SYT13, MICA3, GRIN1, POGZ, ZFY16, MAVS, EMSY, RBBP6, SH3R1, HUWE1, YTHD3, FLIP1, LYRIC, RIMS1, F124A, LUZP1, PACS2, RLGPB, P66A, KCC1D, AHNK2, NAV3, TEX2, MGAP, CC28A, UBR1, ANKH1, NPAS3, MILK2, ULK2, PHAR4, DCP1B, SPART, CEND, RPTOR, KT222, ZN687, DOCK4, SYNPO, FNBP4, MINK1, OXR1, AVL9, CAMKV, SLAI1, NUP35, REPS2, NBEA, MYRIP, SVIP, PLBL2, NCOA7, TBC15, NEK9, DLG5, GEMI5, WIPF2, F222B, SMAP2, TM263, ZFN2B, LMO7, CTL1, ATX2L, PALLD, CSKI1, MADD, P66B, BAALC, ZCH14, LAR4B, PTPRU, RYR2, TAF4B, SYN2, DDX17, GPKOW, FUBP2, ARHG2, LPP, SNX21, MRTFA, SH3K1, PF21A, ATG2B, PLD4, REPS1, CYFP2, PHIPL, PGCB, PDLI5, MAP6, VCIP1, ZFR, EP400, SPT33, DOCK7, LRRC7, RBM14, NED4L, QKI, SYGP1, LMTK3, PLIN4, ARX, CIC, MED15, KKCC2, MINT, PKP4, ATX2, SH3G3, DPH2, KTNB1, TPPP3, SRBS1, BBS2, YTHD1, WNK3, CFA74, ZCHC2, TB182, AMRA1, ZC12C, SRCN1, SP130, BRD8, WDR13, EPC1, CA198, WNK1, E41L1, ZHX3, VIAAT, Z385D, DOCK5, GORS2, JUPI2, MA6D1, SIAE, PKHA5, RC3H2, TENS1, EMAL4, ZBT20, TANC2, E41LA, APMAP, ARFG3, GEPH, ENTP7, BMP2K, RN146, STAU2, T106B, CARF, TAB2, GGA3, ARHGC, SPN90, DLGP2, CAMP3, PHRF1, PLCE1, STOX2, KANL3, ARP21, S30BP, NRBP, CDC23, GGA2, AKA11, GMEB2, TNIK, PARP4, HCN2, MRTFB, YETS2, EPDR1, NOTC3, SPAT2, SYNRG, G3BP2, BSN, SCAF8, LIMC1, TRAK1, SHAN2, RIMS2, SRRM2, CTND2, JIP1, KCC2A, DLGP4, E41L3, GIT1, WNK2, C2CD2, TLN1, ARIP4, MTCL1, DCAF1, RPGF2, PRC2C, SHAN1, FLVC1, NCOR2, GMEB1, EMIL1, EPN1, NUMBL, M3K4, PCLO, ZHX2, S23IP
Species: Homo sapiens
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