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Qiu Y, Yu W, Zhang X, Zhang M, Ni Y, Lai S, Wu Q. Upregulation of OGT-mediated EZH2 O-GlcNAcylation Promotes Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cell Proliferation, Invasion, Migration, and Tube Formation in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Cell biochemistry and biophysics 2025 39751742
Abstract:
O-linked N-acetylglucosamine transferase (OGT)-catalyzed O-linked N-acetylglucosamine glycosylation (O-GlcNAcylation) is closely associated with diabetes progression. This study aims to investigate the mechanism of OGT in regulating endothelial dysfunction in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Expressions of OGT, O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc), enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), and HEK27me3 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and GDM-derived HUVECs (GDM-HUVECs) were assessed by western blot. RT-qPCR and western blot assays were used to test the OGT overexpression and EZH2 silencing levels. CCK-8, EdU, wound healing, and transwell invasion assays were used to analyze the cell proliferative, migratory, and invasive abilities. Tube formation assay was performed to evaluate angiogenesis ability of cells. Western blot assay was performed to estimate vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and p-VEGFR2 levels in cells. The binding of O-GlcNAc and EZH2 after OGT overexpression was measured by Co-IP assay. The results showed that OGT, O-GlcNAc, EZH2, and HEK27me3 expressions were declined in GDM-HUVECs. OGT overexpression induced the proliferation, migration, and invasion of GDM-HUVECs, and also elevated angiogenesis and the expressions of VEGF and p-VEGFR2 in cells. O-GlcNAc, EZH2, and HEK27me3 expressions were upregulated after OGT overexpression. OGT upregulation induced the binding between O-GlcNAc and EZH2. EZH2 silencing attenuated the promotion of OGT overexpression on the proliferative, invasive, migratory, and angiogenic capacities of GDM-HUVECs. To be concluded, OGT overexpression stabilized EZH2 expression by promoting O-GlcNAcylation modification of EZH2, and further enhanced proliferation, migration, and invasion as well as angiogenesis of GDM-HUVECs. While these effects were decayed after EZH2 absenting. Overall, the modulation of OGT on endothelial dysfunction in GDM provides a novel perspective for the clinical treatment of GDM.
O-GlcNAc proteins:
EZH2
Species: Homo sapiens
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Li G, Meng F, Zhong X, Yu K, Zhang N, Zhang K, Huang H, Li W, Zhang J, Wang W, Ren Y, Liu Y. DNA probe pulldown screening uncovers O-GlcNAcylation modulation of transcription factor DNA interactions. Scientific reports 2025 15(1) 40596516
Abstract:
O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc), a critical post-translational modification predominantly found in the nucleus, plays a substantial role in regulating gene expression by modulating transcription factors (TFs) activity. However, quantitative analysis investigating the influence of O-GlcNAcylation on protein-DNA interactions at a proteome scale remains undone. Herein, a pulldown screening approach using a consensus TF response element (catTFRE) was employed to unravel the impact of fluctuating levels of O-GlcNAcylation on the DNA binding efficiency of endogenous TFs/co-factors. Utilizing quantitative proteomics, we identified a substantial enhancement in the binding capacity of 241 nuclear proteins (NPs) to DNA sequences due to elevated levels of O-GlcNAcylation, whereas a decrease in DNA binding was observed for 2 NPs concurrently. Intriguingly, the O-GlcNAcylation elevation significantly enhanced the binding of 146 TFs/co-factors to specific DNA sequences. We further established that the O-GlcNAcylation of several Forkhead family TFs, including FOXA1 and FOXC1, notably enhances their binding to specific DNA sequences in living cells. Our research presents an efficacious approach to assessing the impact of O-GlcNAcylation on the interactions between proteins and DNA. This significantly enhances our understanding of the role O-GlcNAcylation plays in the regulation of transcription.
O-GlcNAc proteins:
RBM47, ESYT2, HACL2, VWA8, CNOT1, PGP, SMHD1, U119B, MET15, MYO1G, ADAS, PDLI1, BACH, HAX1, SPT5H, TAF4, CLIC1, BMAL1, SAP18, DNM1L, PLOD2, PSDE, BIN1, NOP56, DDX3X, TRI38, NFIB, PPP6, CDKA1, ABLM1, ADA10, CHK1, PSA7, TX1B3, TIM23, MYPT1, S27A2, XPO1, SYN3, ZN609, SR140, SET1A, ZN185, ATX7, OGT1, EIF3D, EIF3H, TNC18, MOT4, P4HA2, NUP42, ARPC5, CLOCK, MAFG, KDM6A, DHX15, RRP8, PRP4, SERA, PHF1, DC1L2, PSMD3, SNUT1, MCA3, HNRPR, PRPF3, TPD54, EMC8, MGA, KLF4, TIM44, PLRG1, ZN207, BUB3, ACTN4, BUD23, ENSA, SPOP, LANC1, AKAP8, CALU, ORC5, ZNRD2, MED14, NPA1P, ZC3H1, AQR, GANP, KDM1A, ACSL4, VINEX, CCNT1, PLOD3, TSN3, PLIN3, MAFK, UGDH, PQBP1, TBL1X, NBN, MITF, CPNE3, ZC11A, ANR17, H2AY, FLNB, NCOR1, SPAG7, RM33, SC22B, PR40A, MPPB, KTNA1, PSIP1, ERLN1, NDUS3, SRS10, SF3B1, CSDE1, U520, NU155, CRTAP, S2512, EIF3G, SOAT2, CCNK, SPF27, SPF30, RL1D1, CLPX, SYUG, DFFB, SRP72, RECQ5, ATG12, TOX4, K0754, SRBS2, SUN1, ERLN2, PRP6, SC31A, UBR5, AGFG2, SCAF4, DUS14, SPN1, NDUB8, RTN3, EPN2, LC7L3, MBD4, VAPB, 6PGL, ZBT7A, IPO7, SLU7, CD2B2, PSMG1, SC24B, ZBT11, SNP29, OXSR1, HS74L, LSM8, AP2A1, WIZ, BAG2, AIFM1, BPNT1, SNAI1, DDAH2, TXD12, MBD3, TOM40, NAPSA, ACL6A, CCNE2, LDHA, NB5R3, PGK1, A1AT, FOS, RASH, LDLR, LMNA, ALBU, TFR1, TRFL, FRIH, NU3M, MIS, VTNC, CATA, GBA1, FUCO, ALDOA, CYTB, GCR, SODM, KITH, K2C1, G3P, HLAA, CPNS1, HSPB1, TYSY, RPN1, RPN2, GNAI2, AT1A1, AT1B1, A4, APOD, ALDH2, PERM, PPBT, IF2A, RLA2, RLA0, JUN, ITB1, K1C18, K2C8, GELS, ATPB, IF4E, ENOA, NPM, ITAV, GDN, ACBP, LDHB, CATD, ANXA2, TBB5, SAP, CATL1, SYEP, CATB, HNRPC, FUMH, TSP1, SP1, ANXA6, HS90B, SRPRA, ODPA, RU2B, RU17, ITA5, NFIC, VIME, K2C7, GNAI3, ANXA5, SNRPA, HMGB1, DLDH, ROA1, RU2A, LKHA4, CTF8, MNS60, RO60, MYBB, LYAG, HLAC, KAP0, CH60, CLUS, BIP, HSP7C, GTR1, ODPB, LAMP1, ACADM, TOP1, TOP2A, G6PD, MPRI, PRPS2, PABP1, PCNA, ADT3, FA5, IMDH2, TPR, KCRU, SKI, ACTN1, XRCC6, NR2C1, LAMP2, EF2, K1C10, K1C13, PDIA4, PLST, T2FB, MIF, FPPS, KPYM, ENPL, MYL6B, RSMB, PO2F1, PLAK, ALDR, RAC2, ERF3A, EZRI, ATF2, FOSL2, MCP, NDKA, GNS, RS2, DESP, MUC1, CREB1, MGMT, CD36, STMN1, YBOX3, ZFX, JUNB, UBF1, JUND, ATF7, PTN2, DDX5, ARF4, PTPRA, SON, NELFE, RCC1, ATF1, ATF6A, XRCC1, LFA3, NUCL, ELK1, TFE3, CSK22, NFKB1, TYPH, TBP, RAB6A, PSB1, LMNB1, HXA5, CSRP1, FLNA, VDAC1, SDHB, CD9, PIMT, FBRL, UBA1, NDKB, ROA2, RFX1, KAPCB, QCR2, ITA6, SFPQ, PPIB, MAOM, SP100, NFYA, SAHH, COF1, IF4B, GATA2, THIL, MCM3, RS12, BRD2, TYY1, ATPA, PSA1, PSA4, ITA3, DDX6, PTBP1, SYVC, KAD4, 1433T, VATL, ARNT, RFA1, APEX1, PYR1, CALR, MAP4, CALX, PSA5, PSB4, PEX2, NDUS1, TEAD1, GRN, T2EB, 3MG, TKT, SPB3, ECHM, KCY, PEBP1, PDIA3, 2AAA, CDC27, HMOX2, PURA2, AMRP, RPB2, SDHA, METK2, HXA11, HXC9, CPSM, 3HIDH, PUR9, HNRH3, HNRH1, 1433S, STIP1, L1CAM, PRDX2, P5CR1, ELF1, CGL, RL9, CSTF2, MCM4, MCM7, HSP74, TRY3, GPC1, CTNA1, BMI1, PCGF2, PHB1, RADI, RFC4, RFC1, MYH9, MYH10, COPB2, SOAT1, ADDB, BASI, FUS, NU214, DEK, GLRX1, K22E, MP2K2, VATE1, RL4, PGM1, SPB5, ODO2, SRP14, NUP62, TAGL2, SYUA, ETFB, RBMX, VATA, HSPA9, IF4A3, TXLNA, TCPZ, PBX2, MLH1, STAT3, MDHM, ECHA, IF2G, S19A1, ELK3, ACTY, LAP2A, LAP2B, LPPRC, THIM, ECE1, MUC18, MATR3, GPDM, SSRA, RANG, PRS6B, VDAC2, MP2K4, KI67, RAGP1, RECQ1, NOP2, CRKL, NEDD4, IQGA1, STT3A, CAPZB, RL29, UCRI, RFX5, COPD, PSMD8, PRC2A, HSP13, AGRE5, DPOD2, NR2C2, RPIA, LMAN1, FAS, CDK8, RM19, AL7A1, CENPF, SYAC, SYCC, SYSC, MCM2, ACADV, YLPM1, RBM25, CLK1, NU153, RBP2, GSK3A, GSK3B, TAF6, GUAA, DNLI3, MRE11, IDH3A, EMD, CPT1A, SERPH, F10A1, MXI1, MAP2, PPT1, TCPQ, TCPD, FXR1, FXR2, RAB5C, RAB7A, SMCA4, IDH3G, GALK1, MECP2, DHB4, SPHM, HDGF, ROA3, 6PGD, IMA1, GDS1, MP2K6, AGFG1, HNRPF, TF2AA, MSH6, CAZA1, CRIP2, NUP98, PLK1, ACLY, SUCA, COPA, PTTG, SC24C, TCP4, ICLN, HIRA, SYYC, UBP14, HSP72, AT1B3, RD23A, RD23B, KAD2, SNAA, IF5, RAD, TERA, DSRAD, TPD52, SEC13, PSA, HNRH2, EIF3B, SYMC, DPOE2, ATP5I, IF6, NU107, SESN2, FOXL2, EPIPL, TPIS, SC61B, ACTB, IF4A1, PRPS1, SRP54, RAB2A, ARP2, ACTZ, CSN2, ARF3, CH10, STXB1, B2MG, WDR5, HNRPK, RS16, SMD2, ERF1, RS4X, ACTA, RL23A, RS6, H4, GBB1, RL32, RL8, PPIA, RS27A, RL40, AP2B1, 1433Z, IF5A1, RACK1, ACTG, YBOX1, TPM4, EF1A1, ACTS, TBA1B, TBA4A, TBB4B, CSK21, HBB, HBA, CXAR, NOP14, RBM6, PITX1, IF4G2, GTF2I, GSTO1, PO6F2, PRKDC, BASP1, RT22, RT05, RT11, RT34, RT09, HMGN5, SARNP, LACTB, TXN4A, RL19, FOXK1, RBM10, EM55, TFAM, VIGLN, CDK5, CLH1, HNRPU, SPTB2, TIAR, SET, FOXK2, RUNX1, CAP1, TFAP4, EXOSX, XPC, EWS, MEF2A, SP2, ODO1, KIF23, DSG1, SP3, RL18A, FKBP4, PLOD1, TOP2B, M2OM, DYST, CREM, KMT2A, CENPC, LMNB2, UPAR, KIME, TAP1, IF4G1, K1C17, SSBP, SRS11, EF1A2, CALD1, KDSR, SUH, GABPA, GABP1, PRDX1, RL18, C1QBP, CKAP4, ZO1, KHDR1, SRSF4, PP2BA, DHX9, LG3BP, MFGM, CD47, SSRP1, SLFN5, RBBP4, NCBP1, EP300, AHNK, MGAT2, GALT2, BST2, MPPA, SIA4C, NU160, TBL3, TF3C1, ASPH, SNF5, BPTF, NFIA, CHD3, TP53B, IFRD2, AIMP1, ILF3, LMAN2, FOXC1, PP1R8, ECH1, PRDM2, CSN1, KLF10, NR1H3, TADBP, ROA0, PAK2, PSMD2, DDX10, GPS2, SRSF5, SRSF6, TIF1B, G3BP1, STF1, NMI, KCAB2, SKP2, PABP4, GRB10, MTA1, DC1I2, ORC2, SNTB2, PPIG, TCOF, ADAM9, TUSC3, SMAD4, PICAL, TBB3, ASAH1, HDAC1, SNW1, STIM1, CUL4A, CUL4B, FHL1, RUNX3, THOC5, SPTN1, NOG2, KLF5, RUNX2, PEBB, NFYC, CKAP5, SCRB2, DAG1, VEZF1, DSG2, KEAP1, MORC3, SAFB2, EIF3A, UBP2L, MLEC, ZMYM3, DCTN1, DYHC1, EI2BA, ELOA1, MAP7, SRC8, FLNC, CAPR1, NF2L1, HABP2, DHX8, ITPR3, PLSI, TRIPC, PUM1, MDC1, EPN4, SMC1A, RRP1B, RRP5, BMS1, GANAB, MBTP1, 2A5D, LBR, CBX2, KIF22, MEF2D, CHD4, LASP1, ARI5B, NFIX, ZN638, NOLC1, NUMA1, GAPD1, SPCS2, EMC2, MO4L2, ABRX2, CND1, SUZ12, U5S1, SYK, RRS1, IF4H, BRD3, WDR43, ACOX1, EBP, PLEC, PON2, NONO, PTPA, PWP2, RNPS1, RCN1, PCBP1, MTFR1, SF3B3, PUM3, DLGP5, KS6A1, SF3A2, SC23A, SF3A1, SURF1, MED22, TAF5, TAF7, MARE2, TSN, SF01, PCH2, MED1, JHD2C, TRIP6, MARE1, ELF2, NAB2, AAAT, USF2, VAS1, RB11B, EZH2, ZYX, SEPT7, ADRM1, TAF12, DDB1, SNPC1, CDC37, DPYL2, SYPL1, TAF9, SRSF7, DREB, NRF1, PCKGM, DDR2, LY6K, HNRL2, PDS5A, ZN800, P3H1, RA1L2, MA7D1, TBRG1, LARP7, ACSF3, TPRN, EPC2, DHB12, UBP39, SETMR, YIF1B, ZN326, NOM1, SH319, RRP12, TOIP1, TDIF2, NU188, HP1B3, ZN362, SYRM, ZC3HD, LRIF1, RM02, UBAP2, RBM26, RIF1, MRCKA, RPRD2, BRE1A, TASO2, KHDR2, AR6P4, ARID2, GL8D1, NR3L1, MSL1, ABLM2, GLYAT, TWF2, K0930, SN12L, SDE2, LIN54, ALKB2, PPR18, CAVN1, CDC73, PRP8, SCYL2, GOLM2, RHGBA, NFRKB, RSBNL, KCD18, NCEH1, MDEAS, ZC3HE, SAMD1, C1TM, FIP1, CSPG4, PLGT2, SBSN, CF089, LCN15, CREL2, LRIG3, BCOR, MPRIP, CD109, SRCAP, UBN2, IKIP, CENPU, LARP4, HAKAI, NOL8, ASXL2, SND1, DDX46, TM10C, EIF3M, MCM10, NDUF7, CXXC5, APTX, ZCCHV, KANL1, NUP54, POGZ, NUFP2, SZRD1, CLAP1, HEAT3, HDGR2, BRAP, EMSY, I2BP2, RBBP6, YTHD3, TAF8, TMED4, CENPV, PHLB2, MYPN, ACOT1, PABP2, LDB1, PB1, YRDC, LYRIC, KTN1, LUZP1, CAND1, THOC6, DDX42, SPAS2, CACL1, P66A, RIOX2, CRLF3, VRK3, NAV2, CCD50, MISP, CTL2, MGAP, SFPA2, SFTA1, PHF6, CHERP, SUGP1, SUGP2, CCAR1, BAP18, RM41, KLHL7, MILK2, DHX37, YAF2, SRRM1, ZZZ3, K2013, ELMD2, CORA1, PELP1, TTC5, MIER1, NDUF2, NUP93, ZN687, CMTR1, LRC47, INT1, ABD12, CARME, FBXL6, SRBD1, NKAP, RP25L, ATPF2, RM50, CPSF7, ARFG2, EFNMT, ARFG1, PAF1, ENAH, DAND5, KRI1, MLKL, XXLT1, GOLM1, SUMF2, SUMF1, PGLT1, DHB11, TXND5, SERB1, CHSTE, LS14A, FSAF1, RB15B, PHC3, DIK2A, POPD1, SRFB1, SP20H, VP37A, PCAT1, BD1L1, NUP35, KNL1, PLBL2, DDX55, THOC2, WDR36, KI18A, GABP2, NPL4, STT3B, SPP2B, BRX1, STK35, NEK7, GPX8, PO210, GEMI5, FBF1, ZN384, WIPF2, SETD7, SMAP2, TM263, NU133, PDC6I, CO040, NUDC2, TWST2, SCFD1, PCNP, SPRY4, TRUB1, LMO7, CTL1, CKAP2, ATX2L, PHIP, RT4I1, NELFB, PALLD, PYDC1, PSPC1, P66B, BBX, CTBL1, ELYS, S39A7, H1X, RT27, NR4A3, PHF3, NDRG1, HS105, ZN592, LAR4B, NU205, PRCC, TFG, TAF4B, RREB1, HDAC2, SC65, SYMPK, GGH, DDX17, RAD50, CELF1, GSLG1, GPKOW, SMRC1, SMRD2, RAB8B, FUBP2, TNPO1, ARHG2, GLMN, KAT5, UBP7, POP5, LSM10, LMBL2, NCLN, FUBP1, SOSB2, PBIP1, SH3K1, PF21A, PINX1, P5CR2, INT12, FWCH2, FAF2, RMD1, MSI2H, RRFM, MTEF3, THA11, SGF29, DTBP1, PTCD3, MMAB, MCRS1, CERS2, SMRD1, TOE1, DDX27, SYMM, P121A, PDLI5, ERO1A, INT4, FUBP3, SYNM, VSIG2, HPDL, PAWR, RBM41, RSRC1, THOC3, CHAP1, S35E1, CLP1L, Z512B, ZFR, EP400, CNO6L, PRRC1, ZN512, YTDC1, SPT33, ZN830, RPR1A, RBM14, NED4L, QKI, LENG8, TRNT1, PP1RA, DEPD7, ATAD5, TEFM, MED15, EFGM, PIGS, TM209, IWS1, SIN3A, RBM15, MINT, NIBA2, YMEL1, HTF4, CNN2, SEC62, CDC5L, PSMD1, RING2, PARK7, EYA3, LGMN, PLIN2, POP1, SCAFB, TEAD3, TTC1, PHB2, CSN8, HCD2, SMAD5, ROAA, S29A1, CPNE1, MYD88, PKP2, SH3G1, GDF15, ARP5L, ZFY21, CMS1, DPH2, TBA1C, BCL7B, MBB1A, COR1B, TIRR, FSP1, PELO, ERP44, TACO1, ESYT1, CCM2, CNPY3, DIDO1, NDC1, ZSA5A, PAXX, HNRL1, RPP25, RCAF1, TBB2B, TM109, NUP58, GNL3, RIOK2, TIM21, THIC, RBM4, MND1, NADAP, SSBP3, RFIP5, ORNT2, NAA15, SRRT, AP1M1, NUSAP, HDHD5, RTF2, PECR, PDIP3, CEP41, RM37, GTPB4, UACA, UCK2, TB182, LNP, CEP44, WDR33, CTDS1, MFF, RB33B, NAT10, SP130, BRD8, RGAP1, CSTFT, LMA2L, CK054, F234A, RBM38, TDIF1, ALX4, SIL1, APC1, TMX4, WDR13, TARA, EPC1, ADNP, IPYR2, RM46, PININ, TM245, FOXP1, CPVL, GHITM, NELFA, BORG4, UN45A, SMOC2, AMPB, ZHX3, EMRE, REEP4, TM231, SH24A, DOCK5, CH033, SDS3, ACAD9, CQ10B, GORS2, JUPI2, SFXN1, SPE39, UBP42, RPF1, RPA2, GBB4, BRF2, RISC, CYBP, TENS1, TAF9B, TM165, MRM3, NCOA5, TRI39, SDF2L, AT131, RM47, APMAP, ARFG3, VTA1, PLPL8, SYSM, OSGEP, DMAP1, UBN1, RTN4, KMT5A, INCE, PRD10, ANLN, PDLI7, DDX21, MBNL1, SIR7, AAAS, ABCBA, PNO1, MBIP1, RAD18, SLX9, BMP2K, PDS5B, ECHD1, MDN1, DECR2, STAU2, DDX28, T106B, SPS2L, TYDP1, SEP11, DJC11, HAUS2, RBM22, MED9, ARGL1, SLTM, RMND1, AKIP, OXSM, THG1, HPF1, NDUBB, OCAD1, MARH5, MIC19, SIR5, CWC25, TEX10, THUM1, ING3, CARF, NSE4A, AATF, DDX56, TE2IP, ABI2, HXC10, BCLF1, TMOD3, MTCH1, HPBP1, MAT2B, ITSN2, CHMP5, THYN1, VAPA, RCC2, SLAI2, BCCIP, FPRP, RRBP1, CPSF2, RBM27, KANL3, GRHPR, NXF1, DAXX, TRM7, VTI1B, ABCF2, SYWM, SEC63, NDRG3, SUN2, LIMA1, SEPT9, TRPS1, DPP2, BAP29, NB5R1, S30BP, MED13, KAD3, HACL1, S2513, DBNL, CDC23, GMEB2, RCOR1, ACINU, NUP50, ZHX1, CDV3, CNO11, INT6, MCTS1, ZBT21, YETS2, ZMYD8, TMCO1, EPDR1, MYO6, KMT2B, PRP19, G3BP2, PACN2, MAGD2, PPIE, DIM1, MINP1, MACF1, PHF8, LIMC1, XCT, SRRM2, PA2G4, SMC3, SCML2, ZN148, RUVB2, VDAC3, RT33, PLAK2, ICE1, DDX52, MAN1, TR150, WBP11, MED16, NOP58, ZN281, SYYM, COQ6, LSM2, PHOCN, ORN, RT23, HDGR3, STRAP, RTCB, NOC2L, CHTOP, VPP2, TLN1, TRRAP, CRBG1, HYOU1, LAS1L, SAM50, PRC2C, RBM7, INSL6, YTHD2, PAXB1, SP16H, UTP18, CD2AP, SRPRB, TSSC4, SNX5, NUBP2, HCFC2, LRRF2, NPTN, 5MP1, DC1L1, CABIN, COX11, SCC4, ZHX2, MORC2
Species: Homo sapiens
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Wu QP, Vang S, Zhou JQ, Krick S, Barnes JW, Sanders YY. O-GlcNAc regulates anti-fibrotic genes in lung fibroblasts through EZH2. Journal of cellular and molecular medicine 2024 28(7) 38494860
Abstract:
Epigenetic modifications are involved in fibrotic diseases, such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and contribute to the silencing of anti-fibrotic genes. H3K27me3, a key repressive histone mark, is catalysed by the methyltransferase enhancer of Zeste homologue 2 (EZH2), which is regulated by the post-translational modification, O-linked N-Acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc). In this study, we explored the effects of O-GlcNAc and EZH2 on the expression of antifibrotic genes, cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox2) and Heme Oxygenase (Homx1). The expression of Cox2 and Hmox1 was examined in primary IPF or non-IPF lung fibroblasts with or without EZH2 inhibitor EZP6438, O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) inhibitor (OSMI-1) or O-GlcNAcase (OGA) inhibitor (thiamet G). Non-IPF cells were also subjected to TGF-β1 with or without OGT inhibition. The reduced expression of Cox2 and Hmox1 in IPF lung fibroblasts is restored by OGT inhibition. In non-IPF fibroblasts, TGF-β1 treatment reduces Cox2 and Hmox1 expression, which was restored by OGT inhibition. ChIP assays demonstrated that the association of H3K27me3 is reduced at the Cox2 and Hmox1 promoter regions following OGT or EZH2 inhibition. EZH2 levels and stability were decreased by reducing O-GlcNAc. Our study provided a novel mechanism of O-GlcNAc modification in regulating anti-fibrotic genes in lung fibroblasts and in the pathogenesis of IPF.
O-GlcNAc proteins:
EZH2
Species: Homo sapiens
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Ma B, Khan KS, Xu T, Xeque Amada J, Guo Z, Huang Y, Yan Y, Lam H, Cheng AS, Ng BW. Targeted Protein O-GlcNAcylation Using Bifunctional Small Molecules. Journal of the American Chemical Society 2024 146(14) 38561350
Abstract:
Protein O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine modification (O-GlcNAcylation) plays a crucial role in regulating essential cellular processes. The disruption of the homeostasis of O-GlcNAcylation has been linked to various human diseases, including cancer, diabetes, and neurodegeneration. However, there are limited chemical tools for protein- and site-specific O-GlcNAc modification, rendering the precise study of the O-GlcNAcylation challenging. To address this, we have developed heterobifunctional small molecules, named O-GlcNAcylation TArgeting Chimeras (OGTACs), which enable protein-specific O-GlcNAcylation in living cells. OGTACs promote O-GlcNAcylation of proteins such as BRD4, CK2α, and EZH2 in cellulo by recruiting FKBP12F36V-fused O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), with temporal, magnitude, and reversible control. Overall, the OGTACs represent a promising approach for inducing protein-specific O-GlcNAcylation, thus enabling functional dissection and offering new directions for O-GlcNAc-targeting therapeutic development.
O-GlcNAc proteins:
BRD4, CSK21, EZH2
Species: Homo sapiens
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Parween S, Alawathugoda TT, Prabakaran AD, Dheen ST, Morse RH, Emerald BS, Ansari SA. Nutrient sensitive protein O-GlcNAcylation modulates the transcriptome through epigenetic mechanisms during embryonic neurogenesis. Life science alliance 2022 5(8) 35470239
Abstract:
Protein O-GlcNAcylation is a dynamic, nutrient-sensitive mono-glycosylation deposited on numerous nucleo-cytoplasmic and mitochondrial proteins, including transcription factors, epigenetic regulators, and histones. However, the role of protein O-GlcNAcylation on epigenome regulation in response to nutrient perturbations during development is not well understood. Herein we recapitulated early human embryonic neurogenesis in cell culture and found that pharmacological up-regulation of O-GlcNAc levels during human embryonic stem cells' neuronal differentiation leads to up-regulation of key neurogenic transcription factor genes. This transcriptional de-repression is associated with reduced H3K27me3 and increased H3K4me3 levels on the promoters of these genes, perturbing promoter bivalency possibly through increased EZH2-Thr311 phosphorylation. Elevated O-GlcNAc levels also lead to increased Pol II-Ser5 phosphorylation and affect H2BS112O-GlcNAc and H2BK120Ub1 on promoters. Using an in vivo rat model of maternal hyperglycemia, we show similarly elevated O-GlcNAc levels and epigenetic dysregulations in the developing embryo brains because of hyperglycemia, whereas pharmacological inhibition of O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) restored these molecular changes. Together, our results demonstrate O-GlcNAc mediated sensitivity of chromatin to nutrient status, and indicate how metabolic perturbations could affect gene expression during neurodevelopment.
O-GlcNAc proteins:
EZH2
Species: Homo sapiens
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You Z, Peng D, Cao Y, Zhu Y, Yin J, Zhang G, Peng X. P53 suppresses the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma via miR-15a by decreasing OGT expression and EZH2 stabilization. Journal of cellular and molecular medicine 2021 25(19) 34510715
Abstract:
Existing literature has highlighted the tumour suppressive capacity of microRNA-15a (miR-15a); however, its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains relatively unknown. This study aimed to investigate the role of miR-15a in HCC and the associated underlying mechanism. Initially, RT-qPCR was performed to detect the expression of miR-15a in HCC tissues and cells. Bioinformatics analysis, Pearson correlation coefficient, dual-luciferase reporter assay, and molecular approaches were all conducted to ascertain the interaction between miR-15a and O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) transferase (OGT). PUGNAc treatment and cycloheximide (CHX) assay were performed to evaluate O-GlcNAc and the stabilization of the enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2). Finally, gain- and loss-of-function studies were employed to elucidate the role of P53 and the miR-15a/OGT/EZH2 axis in the progression of HCC, followed by in vivo experiments based on tumour-bearing nude mice. Our results demonstrated that the miR-15a expression was decreased in the HCC tissues and cells. P53 upregulated miR-15a expression, which inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of HCC cells, while inducing apoptosis and triggering a G0/G1 cell cycle phase arrest. OGT stabilized EZH2 via catalysing O-GlcNAc, which reversed the effect of P53 and miR-15a. The results of our in vivo study provided evidence demonstrating that P53 could suppress the development of HCC via the miR-15a/OGT/EZH2 axis. P53 was found to inhibit the OGT expression by promoting the expression of miR-15a, which destabilized EZH2 and suppressed the development of HCC. The key findings of our study highlight a promising novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of HCC.
O-GlcNAc proteins:
EZH2
Species: Homo sapiens
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Jiang M, Xu B, Li X, Shang Y, Chu Y, Wang W, Chen D, Wu N, Hu S, Zhang S, Li M, Wu K, Yang X, Liang J, Nie Y, Fan D. O-GlcNAcylation promotes colorectal cancer metastasis via the miR-101-O-GlcNAc/EZH2 regulatory feedback circuit. Oncogene 2019 38(3) 30093632
Abstract:
Advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the deadliest cancers, and the 5-year survival rate of patients with metastasis is extremely low. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is considered essential for metastatic CRC, but the fundamental molecular basis underlying this effect remains unknown. Here, we identified that O-GlcNAcylation, a unique posttranslational modification (PTM) involved in cancer metabolic reprogramming, increased the metastatic capability of CRC. The levels of O-GlcNAcylation were increased in the metastatic CRC tissues and cell lines, which likely promoted the EMT by enhancing EZH2 protein stability and function. The CRC patients with higher levels of O-GlcNAcylation exhibited greater lymph node metastasis potential and lower overall survival. Bioinformatic analysis and luciferase reporter assays revealed that both O-GlcNAcylation transferase (OGT) and EZH2 are posttranscriptionally inhibited by microRNA-101. In addition, O-GlcNAcylation and H3K27me3 modification in the miR-101 promoter region further inhibited the transcription of miR-101, resulting in the upregulation of OGT and EZH2 in metastatic CRC, thus forming a vicious cycle. In this study, we demonstrated that O-GlcNAcylation, which is negatively regulated by microRNA-101, likely promotes CRC metastasis by enhancing EZH2 protein stability and function. Reducing O-GlcNAcylation may be a potential therapeutic strategy for metastatic CRC.
O-GlcNAc proteins:
EZH2
Species: Homo sapiens
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Lo PW, Shie JJ, Chen CH, Wu CY, Hsu TL, Wong CH. O-GlcNAcylation regulates the stability and enzymatic activity of the histone methyltransferase EZH2. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2018 115(28) 29941599
Abstract:
Protein O-glycosylation by attachment of β-N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) to the Ser or Thr residue is a major posttranslational glycosylation event and is often associated with protein folding, stability, and activity. The methylation of histone H3 at Lys-27 catalyzed by the methyltransferase EZH2 was known to suppress gene expression and cancer development, and we previously reported that the O-GlcNAcylation of EZH2 at S76 stabilized EZH2 and facilitated the formation of H3K27me3 to inhibit tumor suppression. In this study, we employed a fluorescence-based method of sugar labeling combined with mass spectrometry to investigate EZH2 glycosylation and identified five O-GlcNAcylation sites. We also find that mutation of one or more of the O-GlcNAcylation sites S73A, S76A, S84A, and T313A in the N-terminal region decreases the stability of EZH2, but does not affect its association with the PRC2 components SUZ12 and EED. Mutation of the C-terminal O-GlcNAcylation site (S729A) in the catalytic domain of EZH2 abolishes the di- and trimethylation activities, but not the monomethylation of H3K27, nor the integrity of the PRC2/EZH2 core complex. Our results show the effect of individual O-GlcNAcylation sites on the function of EZH2 and suggest an alternative approach to tumor suppression through selective inhibition of EZH2 O-GlcNAcylation.
O-GlcNAc proteins:
EZH2
Species: Homo sapiens
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Chu CS, Lo PW, Yeh YH, Hsu PH, Peng SH, Teng YC, Kang ML, Wong CH, Juan LJ. O-GlcNAcylation regulates EZH2 protein stability and function. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2014 111(4) 24474760
Abstract:
O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) transferase (OGT) is the only known enzyme that catalyzes the O-GlcNAcylation of proteins at the Ser or Thr side chain hydroxyl group. OGT participates in transcriptional and epigenetic regulation, and dysregulation of OGT has been implicated in diseases such as cancer. However, the underlying mechanism is largely unknown. Here we show that OGT is required for the trimethylation of histone 3 at K27 to form the product H3K27me3, a process catalyzed by the histone methyltransferase enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) in the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2). H3K27me3 is one of the most important histone modifications to mark the transcriptionally silenced chromatin. We found that the level of H3K27me3, but not other H3 methylation products, was greatly reduced upon OGT depletion. OGT knockdown specifically down-regulated the protein stability of EZH2, without altering the levels of H3K27 demethylases UTX and JMJD3, and disrupted the integrity of the PRC2 complex. Furthermore, the interaction of OGT and EZH2/PRC2 was detected by coimmunoprecipitation and cosedimentation experiments. Importantly, we identified that serine 75 is the site for EZH2 O-GlcNAcylation, and the EZH2 mutant S75A exhibited reduction in stability. Finally, microarray and ChIP analysis have characterized a specific subset of potential tumor suppressor genes subject to repression via the OGT-EZH2 axis. Together these results indicate that OGT-mediated O-GlcNAcylation at S75 stabilizes EZH2 and hence facilitates the formation of H3K27me3. The study not only uncovers a functional posttranslational modification of EZH2 but also reveals a unique epigenetic role of OGT in regulating histone methylation.
O-GlcNAc proteins:
EZH2
Species: Homo sapiens
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