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Hao Y, Li Z, Du X, Xie Q, Li D, Lei S, Guo Y. Characterization and chemoproteomic profiling of protein O-GlcNAcylation in SOD1-G93A mouse model. Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) 2025 31(1) 40021952
Abstract:
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating motor neuron disease. Protein O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification has been found to affect the processing of several important proteins implicated in ALS. However, the overall level and cellular localization of O-GlcNAc during ALS progression are incompletely understood, and large-scale profiling of O-GlcNAcylation sites in this context remains unexplored.
O-GlcNAc proteins:
TANC2, ZEP3, MA7D2, AMRA1, AJM1, CNTRL, SKT, TITIN, ARI1A, S14L1, KI16B, TM245, RHG42, CTTB2, SAFB1, CCDC6, SHAN1, CE350, SYGP1, TPR, DPYL2, EMD, SYPL1, M3K5, PPE2, VIAAT, CTND2, LIMK2, ACK1, SYUA, ATX2, PDLI1, ZN106, DC1I1, PLIN4, ZFR, HCN2, BSN, SYN1, CO4B, MBP, ARAF, ALDOA, GCR, CATL1, NFL, NFM, RC3H2, NCAM1, HSPB1, MAP1B, G3P, NFH, VIME, MTAP2, MOV10, CRYAB, KCC2B, PABP1, AIMP1, KIF4, FOXK1, STAT3, EAA2, AINX, SOX2, LMNA, INPP, RORG, APC1, ATX1, PCBP3, KCNN2, GCP3, TB182, KCNH8, NPHP4, YTHD1, PI5PA, MRTFB, DOCK4, RUVB1, ABI2, RS3, KCNA2, ZHX1, TRAF5, SURF6, NCOA1, RGRF2, LYAG, IRS2, GBX1, TNIK, WNK1, CSRP1, G3BP2, RLA2, CTNB1, PLAK, S30BP, NFIA, ENAH, EMAL1, CNN2, CDK12, MA6D1, M3K13, PSD3, PLBL2, PRC2C, MILK2, YETS2, PBIP1, TPPC9, FUBP2, WNK2, LIMC1, TNR6C, ZEP2, AAK1, TNR6A, CAMKV, MINY4, GRM5, ARMX5, N42L1, PACS2, ABL2, OXR1, UN13A, HERC2, PHAR4, SRRM1, TR150, LIN54, TAB3, ZBTB4, UNKL, RBM27, TM1L2, MYO1G, ANR40, SYNRG, NACAD, A1CF, LAMA2, PMEL, NCOR1, LAMA5, BCAR1, HCFC1, MRE11, PACN1, MAFK, MCM7, PTN14, SPTB2, TAF6, SRBS1, DBNL, SH3G1, TLE4, IF4G2, MINT, ZYX, OMGP, HECAM, NR2E1, SF01, SYN2, GPDM, PLK4, SBNO1, SLAI1, PKP4, SYMC, SAM9L, SH3R1, HECD1, ABLM3, ARMX2, CE170, CDC5L, LAR4B, RHG20, F135A, SPKAP, SR140, KIF24, RPRD2, WWC2, REXO4, PTN23, IQCE, TRAK1, RN220, ERC2, NFRKB, MAGI1, TEX2, PF21A, CNOT1, NU188, TRPV1, SC6A5, PICAL, SMAP2, CPEB3, PLPR3, MYCB2, PRC2B, TPPP, ATX2L, CCNT2, MAP6, SI1L2, ERBIN, R3HD2, AUXI, RERE, SNPH, RIMB2, NU214, INT2, SDA1, EPN1, AGFG2, UBP2L, C2C2L, NRAP, DDHD1, BCAS1, ZN598, CTIP, SHAN2, MACA1, ANR26, MAST4, RHG32, LPP, MYPT2, IF4B, ZN750, WDR48, TB10B, CSTP1, SP130, ZC21A, ZNT6, SUN2, RCC2, ABLM2, HSP13, EMSY, CLAP2, CNOT4, SRRM2, IKZF5, TOX4, GEPH, DIP2A, LARP4, IFFO1, OSBL6, YTHD3, POGZ, ZHX2, TT21A, SI1L1, RBM14, UBP44, CNOT2, HYCC2, ANK2, DIDO1, PARP9, SYNPO, VCIP1, MB214, TAB1, RPB2, ASPP2, F193A, NAV1, SYNJ1, RPGF2, EP400, PHC3, VP37A, EPN2, PDLI5, CSR2B, FBP1L, SCAM1, ZBT20, HS12A, AGFG1, MATR3, FANCI, PO121, MRTFA, MTSS1, SPART, PPR42, NUP58, RFIP5, BRD8, PP6R2, CS047, LUZP1, RBM12, SC6A8, MAVS, MICA1, SIR2, AMOT, AGAP3, P66B, CCG8, TAF9, WDR13, UBAP2, NCOA5, PEX16, DCP1A, YTHD2, BMP2K, DYST, LRP1, SYUB, ALS2, BICD2, CLIP1, CIC, S12A6, NRBP, RP25L, TAB2, DDAH2, HGS, TM2D1, SNCAP, ASH1L, ANR17, RTN4, RRBP1, NUDC2, TPPP3, FLIP1, DDAH1, DLGP1, FIP1, TM263, CNN3, AL7A1, PLIN3, MYPT1, NDUBA, CRIP2, TSC1, NBEA, INP4A, RIMS2, SO1C1, RBP2, MKRN2, RTN3, NUDT3, LGI1, TULP4, ADRM1, FMN2, GIT2, BAG3, ZN207, ASAP1, SON, TBL1X, PLEC, MACF1, NPHP1, VAPB, ADDA, GOGA5, MAP1A, QKI, PCLO, GAB1, FBX6, FOXO1, ADA23, AKA12, NCOR2, C8AP2, TNIP1, DEMA, E41L3, SYUG, ITSN2, ZO2, ADNP, NEK4, APCL, MTMR1, MECP2, E41L1
Species: Mus musculus
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Lanzillotta C, Prestia F, Greco V, Iavarone F, Cordella F, Sette C, Forte E, Tramutola A, Lanzillotta S, Cassano T, Di Angelantonio S, Urbani A, Barone E, Perluigi M, Di Domenico F. Enhancing protein O-GlcNAcylation in down syndrome mice mitigates memory dysfunctions through the rescue of mitochondrial bioenergetics, stress responses and pathological markers. Redox biology 2025 85 40684658
Abstract:
Disturbances of the single sugar modification of proteins, O-GlcNAc, have been identified as a potential connection between disrupted brain metabolism and intellectual decay. In Alzheimer disease (AD), the reduced uptake of glucose in the brain results in aberrant O-GlcNAc cycling contributing to redox imbalance and neurodegeneration. Notably, alterations of O-GlcNAc homeostasis, associated with impaired O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT)/O-GlcNAcase (OGA) regulation, foster neuropathological mechanisms characterized by the presence of AD hallmarks in Down syndrome (DS) models. In the present study we examined the ability of Thiamet G (TMG), a well-known OGA inhibitor, in improving bio-energetic processes, inducing stress responses, reducing AD-related signatures and ameliorating cognition in a murine model of DS. Our data demonstrate that short-term intranasal administration of TMG restored OGA activity and normalized the global O-GlcNAc profile in mouse cortices. By a proteomic approach we identified protein components whose increased O-GlcNAc levels rescue, resulted to brain molecular and cognitive improvements. Remarkably, these included elements involved in energy production, neuronal architecture, antioxidant and stress response mechanisms. The ability of TMG in rescuing O-GlcNAc cycle and metabolic changes, associated with improved mitochondrial activity in cortical tissue, was further accompanied by changes in the O-GlcNAc/phospho ratio of APP and Tau. Functional improvements translated in enhanced recognition memory in Ts2Cje mice. Our study highlights the pivotal role of altered protein O-GlcNAcylation in DS neuropathology and establishes the molecular basis to envision the O-GlcNAc process as a promising therapeutic target to mitigate genetic- and metabolism-driven brain alterations linked to redox imbalance, mitochondrial failure and the development of AD features.
O-GlcNAc proteins:
APBA1, GDS1, DPYL2, STXB1, DLDH, DPYL4, REPS1, CTBP1, COR1A, GFAP, ALDOC, ALDOA, AATC, AATM, ENPL, NFL, NFM, PDIA1, TAU, KCC2A, NCAM1, ENOA, ENOG, HXK1, NFH, BIP, MAP4, KCRU, CTND1, DYN1, CAP1, TCPQ, NSF, PRS7, ALDH2, LMNA, SAHH, GDIA, KPYM, UBP5, ATPB, EF2, HNRPK, ABI2, LIS1, CH60, TBA4A, TBB4B, DLG3, TIAR, NHRF1, DPYL1, RGS14, TBB5, HNRL2, PLAK, ATPA, ANXA7, PPR21, FUBP2, CMPK2, GRIN1, C1TM, SRC8, TS101, PGCB, TCPW, DSG1A, FSCN1, PACN1, DLG4, SYN2, UBXN7, AT1A3, AT1A2, NEB2, 2AAA, TBB2A, PHF24, EFTU, PSD11, SAM50, MAON, CPNE3, SSDH, SEP11, MIC60, OGT1, PYGB, DNM1L, THIL, HNRPL, SHLB2, SNP47, FIBG, AT1A1, IRGQ, CSDE1, SYYC, PCY2, GMPPA, ARP3, RANB3, QCR1, SCOT1, TBB4A, EF1G, DPYL5, TBB3, LGI1, HABP4, AL9A1, GUAD, PDC6I, PYGM, E41L3, PACN2, P5CS, RASL1, PDPK1
Species: Mus musculus
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Hao Y, Li X, Qin K, Shi Y, He Y, Zhang C, Cheng B, Zhang X, Hu G, Liang S, Tang Q, Chen X. Chemoproteomic and Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals that O-GlcNAc Regulates Mouse Embryonic Stem Cell Fate through the Pluripotency Network. Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) 2023 62(17) 36852467
Abstract:
Self-renewal and differentiation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are influenced by protein O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification, but the underlying mechanism remains incompletely understood. Herein, we report the identification of 979 O-GlcNAcylated proteins and 1340 modification sites in mouse ESCs (mESCs) by using a chemoproteomics method. In addition to OCT4 and SOX2, the third core pluripotency transcription factor (PTF) NANOG was found to be modified and functionally regulated by O-GlcNAc. Upon differentiation along the neuronal lineage, the O-GlcNAc stoichiometry at 123 sites of 83 proteins-several of which were PTFs-was found to decline. Transcriptomic profiling reveals 2456 differentially expressed genes responsive to OGT inhibition during differentiation, of which 901 are target genes of core PTFs. By acting on the core PTF network, suppression of O-GlcNAcylation upregulates neuron-related genes, thus contributing to mESC fate determination.
O-GlcNAc proteins:
AMRA1, SETX, SKT, BCORL, AGRIN, MGAP, ARI1A, KANL3, CHD6, PHRF1, ZCH24, EP300, KIF7, KI67, CE350, ANR11, NUMA1, TPR, MORC3, TAF4B, KMT2B, EMD, AKAP1, TCOF, DCTN1, MNT, NCOA3, ATN1, ECP3, DPOD2, CTND2, PIAS3, AF10, ACK1, GET3, DSG2, ESS2, ATX2, PDLI1, ULK1, BARD1, KDM6A, ZN106, NSD1, ZFR, HIPK1, SETB1, LAMC1, MYCN, GCR, EGR1, RC3H2, ATX1L, DERPC, K2C8, HSPB1, JUND, FGFR1, G3P, ATF2, COF1, HEXB, VIME, PO5F1, CBL, CCNB1, PO2F1, RS2, NFKB1, MAX, PABP1, NEDD1, PTN12, FMR1, ELK1, FOXK1, STAT3, SOX15, PLIN2, CBP, NEDD4, YAP1, RFX1, SOX2, LMNA, ROA1, S1PR2, ARNT, RD23A, PLTP, KMT2A, KLF16, FOXP1, TB182, GMEB2, SENP1, YTHD1, MRTFB, DOCK4, STIM1, TBX3, NCOA1, ERF, SIAE, NACAM, ATF1, WNK1, G3BP2, DNLI3, G3BP1, RLA2, GABPA, S30BP, ZEP1, ENAH, SOX13, CAPR2, APLP2, CLUS, TLE3, GATA4, MITF, CHD8, ZCH18, TANC1, CDK12, SAP25, LIN41, MLXIP, HROB, VRTN, CO039, PDLI7, SMCA4, PRC2C, MILK2, MIDN, YETS2, PBIP1, FUBP2, TFPT, SRBP2, GSE1, F117B, ZN865, WDR62, QRIC1, FOXK2, RREB1, TNR6C, DAB2P, TNR6A, RHG17, PKHA7, COBL1, FCHO2, TET1, ARMX5, GARL3, TET2, CDV3, PHAR4, C2CD3, LIN54, NPA1P, TAB3, TASO2, RESF1, NUFP2, UNKL, COBL, KDM6B, PRSR1, SMG7, RBM27, PHF12, ZDBF2, PUR4, SYNRG, UIMC1, SIN3A, NFAC2, SRC8, SKIL, ELF1, KLF4, NCOR1, KLF3, NCOA2, FOXD3, PAPOA, HCFC1, P3C2A, SIX4, ZFHX3, TOB1, AP180, GLI3, ATRX, MAFK, NPM, M3K7, DAG1, SPTB2, TAF6, TIF1B, SPT6H, SH3G1, ARI3A, TLE1, TLE4, IF4G2, MINT, ZIC3, ZYX, NUP62, PHC1, TFE3, TIF1A, SF01, DAZL, RBL1, KNL1, BCL9L, SBNO1, SLAI1, PKP4, CDK13, SH3R1, JHD2C, HECD1, ARMX2, LAR4B, RHG21, HELZ, SCAF8, UTF1, PKHG2, NIPBL, CCD66, F135A, RPRD2, WWC2, ZN532, KRBA1, TAF9B, RBM26, INT1, BCR, AHDC1, PTN23, PAPD7, KDM3A, KMT2D, CHD4, RN220, NUP98, NFRKB, GGYF2, LCOR, TEX2, PF21A, KDM3B, FNBP4, CNOT1, LARP1, RHG26, NU188, CNDD3, PICAL, SPAG5, HUWE1, SMAP2, CPEB3, MYCB2, PRC2B, PRR14, MACOI, ATX2L, CKP2L, PRC2A, MCAF1, SI1L2, KANL1, ERBIN, R3HD2, RERE, PUM2, PUM1, NU214, WNK4, TCAM1, SAS6, CAMP3, UBN2, TNC18, AGFG2, UBP2L, WNK3, ZN598, CTIP, SHAN2, NANOG, DDX42, RHG32, VGLU3, LPP, TET3, MYPT2, IF4B, CNO10, MISSL, TB10B, CARF, TGO1, ZN879, SP130, ZC3HE, ZNT6, SUN2, TNR6B, ARI5B, EMSY, BNC2, KAT6B, KMT2C, CLAP2, CNOT4, SRRM2, TOX4, GEPH, SYP2L, LARP4, KANK2, SALL4, YTHD3, TOIP2, KAT6A, ASXL2, POGZ, SREK1, TAF5, ZHX2, EPC2, SI1L1, CND2, RBM14, SUCO, CNOT2, DIDO1, SMAG1, LENG8, CDAN1, DPPA4, LRIF1, VCIP1, MB214, TAB1, SCYL2, ASPP2, LS14B, SYEP, F193A, BCOR, OGT1, SUGP1, NAV1, SYNJ1, ADNP2, RPGF2, BICRL, EP400, PHC3, VP37A, EPN2, P66A, PDLI5, ELYS, ZBT20, ANLN, AGFG1, MATR3, CASC3, I2BPL, PO121, ALMS1, SF3A1, GRHL2, ATF7, CACL1, DC1L1, MTSS1, SPART, TDIF2, HBP1, NUP58, RFIP5, BRD8, WIPI1, CDK8, CS047, ATX7, NUP35, LUZP1, RPAP2, NDC1, MAVS, AMOT, CSKI2, P66B, TAF9, IPO4, ZCH14, UBAP2, NCOA5, FUBP1, RBM47, AJUBA, VPS36, DCP1A, EGLN2, YTHD2, SRGP2, GRHL1, BCL7B, P4R3B, PLRG1, CIC, WAC, TRPS1, MED1, ACATN, NRBP, RP25L, NONO, TAB2, RBM10, EPN4, DDAH2, NOG2, ZN281, HGS, NASP, ARIP4, ANR17, ZN318, TRI33, MZT2, ZWINT, ECD, YIF1B, ROA0, DHRS7, TPD54, SSBP3, PSRC1, SARNP, BCL9, SP2, NOP56, SH24A, FIP1, PLIN3, MYPT1, KC1D, TCF20, TOR3A, SALL1, ZN704, RBP2, UBE4B, TBX20, AFF4, RBCC1, 4ET, PALLD, ELF2, TSSC4, NUDT3, HAKAI, ADRM1, NCOA6, FANCA, GIT2, BAG3, TOB2, ZN207, SON, TBL1X, PLEC, MACF1, GOGA5, QKI, GAB1, DMRT1, YLPM1, PCM1, RHG07, TAF7, FOXO1, ADA23, AKA12, UXT, MAN1, NCOR2, AKT3, COR1B, TNIP1, GANP, DEMA, CARM1, RGAP1, ITSN2, ZO2, KLF5, ADNP, ARI3B, BCL3, SE1L1, E41L1, ZN292
Species: Mus musculus
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Shu XE, Mao Y, Jia L, Qian SB. Dynamic eIF3a O-GlcNAcylation controls translation reinitiation during nutrient stress. Nature chemical biology 2022 18(2) 34887587
Abstract:
In eukaryotic cells, many messenger RNAs (mRNAs) possess upstream open reading frames (uORFs) in addition to the main coding region. After uORF translation, the ribosome could either recycle at the stop codon or resume scanning for downstream start codons in a process known as reinitiation. Accumulating evidence suggests that some initiation factors, including eukaryotic initiation factor 3 (eIF3), linger on the early elongating ribosome, forming an eIF3-80S complex. Very little is known about how eIF3 is carried along with the 80S during elongation and whether the eIF3-80S association is subject to regulation. Here, we report that eIF3a undergoes dynamic O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification in response to nutrient starvation. Stress-induced de-O-GlcNAcylation promotes eIF3 retention on the elongating ribosome and facilitates activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) reinitiation. Eliminating the modification site from eIF3a via CRISPR genome editing induces ATF4 reinitiation even under the nutrient-rich condition. Our findings illustrate a mechanism in balancing ribosome recycling and reinitiation, thereby linking the nutrient stress response and translational reprogramming.
O-GlcNAc proteins:
A0A075B5P4, A0A087WNV1, A0A087WPT1, A0A087WQF8, A0A087WS88, A0A0A0MQM6, A0A0A6YVP0, A0A0A6YY72, A0A0B4J1E2, A0A0G2JFJ6, A0A0G2JFN8, A0A0G2JFY0, A0A0G2JG10, A0A0G2JG59, A0A0G2JG60, A0A0G2JG65, A0A0G2JGL8, A0A0H2UH17, A0A0J9YTU3, A0A0J9YUT8, A0A0J9YUY8, A0A0N4SV00, A0A0N4SV32, A0A0N4SW94, A0A0N5E9G7, A0A0R4J060, A0A0R4J169, A0A0R4J1E3, A0A0R4J1Y4, A0A0R4J260, A1BN54, A1L341, A1L3S7, A2A485, A2A513, A2A5N3, A2A8V8, A2AGK3, LZTS3, A2AM70, A2AMY5, A2APQ6, A2AS44, A2AVJ7, A2AWT6, A2BGG7, KANL3, K1C28, A6X8Z3, A8Y5K6, B0V2N8, B1AU25, TBD2A, THOC2, TPC11, PLXB2, RBM25, B7FAU9, B7ZWM8, B8JK33, B9EHJ3, D3YTT9, D3YUW7, D3YV30, D3YV43, D3YVH4, D3YX49, D3YX64, D3YX85, SAFB1, D3YYT0, D3YZ62, D3YZL1, D3YZT4, D3Z1X3, D3Z2H7, D3Z3E8, D3Z4B0, CCD78, D3Z6N3, CILP2, D6RCG1, E0CY31, E0CYH0, E9PUA5, E9PUJ2, E9PUX0, GCN1, E9PVC6, E9PVG8, KI67, E9PW24, E9PYF4, SET1A, E9PYI8, E9PZW0, E9Q066, E9Q0F0, E9Q0M9, E9Q0U7, E9Q0Y4, E9Q133, E9Q166, E9Q175, E9Q1Z0, E9Q2X6, NU153, NOLC1, E9Q5F6, E9Q616, MYO1E, E9Q6A9, E9Q6M7, E9Q6T8, E9Q8F0, E9Q9C7, E9Q9H2, E9QA74, E9QAT0, E9QKG6, E9QLM4, E9QN31, E9QNH6, E9QNN1, E9QPE7, E9QPI5, F2Z480, F6S6G6, F6T0G2, F6TFN2, F6TW20, F6WTC8, F6XWD4, F6YRW4, F6YUI5, F7B296, F7C312, FARP1, F8VPX1, F8VQ29, F8WHR6, G3UWP5, G3UWZ0, G3UX48, G3UYD0, G3UYG6, G3UYW3, G3UYZ0, G3X8P9, G3X8Q0, G3X956, SI1L3, G5E839, G5E846, G5E866, G5E879, G5E8C3, G5E8J8, G5E8N3, G5E8T6, H3BJU7, H3BKF6, H3BKM0, H3BKN0, H3BKT5, H3BL49, J3QMC5, J3QNW0, CAN2, ATN1, SRSF5, IMA3, PININ, EIF3D, ATX2, E41L2, UGDH, SP3, IF2B1, ZFR, HIPK1, IGKC, IGHG1, HBA, K2C1, TBA1B, ALBU, HS90A, NUCL, ATX1L, EF1A1, H2B1F, CO1A1, HS90B, TCPA, GELS, HS71L, AP2A2, K1C19, BIP, VIME, MFGM, EIF3A, MCM3, MOES, CTNA1, U2AF2, PDIA3, GRN, PABP1, FKBP4, KIF4, TSP1, HSPA9, TKT, BCL6, FOXK1, H14, NEDD4, LMNA, MCM5, K2C6A, IMA1, KPYM, DDX6, ACTN4, EF2, ASXL1, ACTB, ABCE1, RRAS2, H4, HSP7C, CH60, TBA1A, TBB4B, H31, IMB1, TCPB, TCPE, TCPZ, WNK1, H32, MPRIP, G3BP1, TBB5, HNRL2, TOP2A, UBA1, PLAK, IF2P, EPS8, LRIQ1, ZCH18, LMTD2, FA83H, CDCA2, CYTSA, SPP2B, Q3TJ56, K22E, FUBP2, Q3U6F1, Q3U8S1, FOXK2, PUF60, Q3UID0, Q3UJB0, Q3UNN4, SFSWA, K22O, CFA74, Q3UYN2, LRRF1, ESF1, KIF22, Q3V3Y9, Q45VK5, Q4FJZ2, Q4KL80, Q4TU83, PDS5B, DDX17, LRC47, Q52KR6, TR150, NEXMI, JCAD, NUFP2, PRSR1, RBM27, PHF12, UTP18, LC7L3, Q5SUT0, TSR1, MYO1D, Q5U4C5, SIN3A, SRC8, MYL6, STIP1, CAPR1, IMA5, LAP2A, HCFC1, K1C15, SMRD1, FXR1, DDX5, HS71A, SERA, KINH, MYH10, SIN3B, DDX3X, TIF1B, NUP62, K1C12, SQSTM, TOP2B, Q68EM3, CLH1, CDC5L, F120A, CNDG2, NOP58, SCAF8, K1C42, K2C1B, SR140, ZC11A, ABCF1, RRP12, Q6P5B5, UGGG1, XPO1, KIF11, FHOD1, LPPRC, NUP98, Q6PGF5, NEB2, DAPLE, UBE2O, LARP1, NU188, WDR43, 2AAA, Q792Z1, PICAL, UHRF2, MBB1A, Q7TQE2, NU214, WNK4, KIRR1, UBP2L, FLNB, WNK3, Q80ZX0, LPP, ACTBL, P4HTM, MYPT2, HTSF1, IF4B, NU107, WDR3, NOC4L, CE128, NUP93, SUN2, RCC2, EMSY, SYLC, CKAP4, SRRM2, NUP54, PWP2, SYIC, RL1D1, MAP1S, TTC34, SI1L1, RBM14, Q8C872, DIDO1, ATAD2, NUP88, Q8CFQ9, SMC2, UACA, SYEP, TCRG1, OGT1, CCAR1, SLTM, BICRL, P66A, COPA, HMCS1, Q8JZN2, EIF3B, BCLF1, PHLB2, NAT10, ANLN, SDHA, LS14A, MATR3, DDX18, PO121, EIF3L, HNRPL, NU133, EIF3C, ZC3HA, TDIF2, NUP58, CD109, LUZP1, UTP6, MYH9, UHRF1, VIGLN, CCAR2, CUL7, K2C79, Q8VGW3, DHX36, SFPQ, ACLY, DDX1, U3IP2, SYYC, RPN1, YTHD2, BMP2K, SNX18, SMCA5, Q921K2, SF3B3, DDX27, Q921S6, SMTN, PP6R3, K2C5, DEN2B, NXF1, NONO, ACON, NMD3, RTCB, CT2NL, HSP7E, NU155, IF2B3, Q9CPN9, SMC1A, SMC3, CXXC1, GARS, CEP72, SC23B, Q9D6D0, NOP56, FIP1, SPB1, MYPT1, NVL, EIF3F, RAI14, CPSF1, PESC, VPS35, LIMA1, DKC1, PALLD, NUP50, DDX21, FLII, YBOX3, IQGA1, Q9QUK9, CAF1A, K1C17, MAGD1, MTA2, PR40A, MYO1C, COR1C, E41L3, EHD1, WDR46, ZO2, NU160, ADNP, SYVC, Q9Z1R9, BAZ1B, K1C16, SNUT1, S4R2A9, S4R2J9, V9GX87
Species: Mus musculus
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Zhu WZ, Palazzo T, Zhou M, Ledee D, Olson HM, Paša-Tolić L, Olson AK. First comprehensive identification of cardiac proteins with putative increased O-GlcNAc levels during pressure overload hypertrophy. PloS one 2022 17(10) 36288343
Abstract:
Protein posttranslational modifications (PTMs) by O-GlcNAc globally rise during pressure-overload hypertrophy (POH). However, a major knowledge gap exists on the specific proteins undergoing changes in O-GlcNAc levels during POH primarily because this PTM is low abundance and easily lost during standard mass spectrometry (MS) conditions used for protein identification. Methodologies have emerged to enrich samples for O-GlcNAcylated proteins prior to MS analysis. Accordingly, our goal was to identify the specific proteins undergoing changes in O-GlcNAc levels during POH. We used C57/Bl6 mice subjected to Sham or transverse aortic constriction (TAC) to create POH. From the hearts, we labelled the O-GlcNAc moiety with tetramethylrhodamine azide (TAMRA) before sample enrichment by TAMRA immunoprecipitation (IP). We used LC-MS/MS to identify and quantify the captured putative O-GlcNAcylated proteins. We identified a total of 700 putative O-GlcNAcylated proteins in Sham and POH. Two hundred thirty-three of these proteins had significantly increased enrichment in POH over Sham suggesting higher O-GlcNAc levels whereas no proteins were significantly decreased by POH. We examined two MS identified metabolic enzymes, CPT1B and the PDH complex, to validate by immunoprecipitation. We corroborated increased O-GlcNAc levels during POH for CPT1B and the PDH complex. Enzyme activity assays suggests higher O-GlcNAcylation increases CPT1 activity and decreases PDH activity during POH. In summary, we generated the first comprehensive list of proteins with putative changes in O-GlcNAc levels during POH. Our results demonstrate the large number of potential proteins and cellular processes affected by O-GlcNAc and serve as a guide for testing specific O-GlcNAc-regulated mechanisms during POH.
O-GlcNAc proteins:
MA7D1, CAVN4, OTUD4, FIBA, TRDN, DPYL2, CLCA, MYH11, KNG1, PRDX6, AKAP1, DLDH, NDUBB, GSTO1, CASQ2, RL21, PHB2, ECH1, NDUA1, TIM44, CAVN1, AKAP2, SLK, NIPS2, AT2A2, PGAM2, EF1B, ATX2, NMT1, XIRP1, PDLI1, MYPC3, SNX3, DC1I2, PLIN4, ROA2, RAD, CLPP, TOM1, COX1, COX2, CAH2, CO3, IGJ, KV2A7, IGKC, GCAB, IGHG1, IGH1M, B2MG, HBA, HBB1, LAMC1, FABP4, CFAB, MYG, ALDOA, ANF, AATC, AATM, TBA1B, LDHA, G6PI, TRY2, TTHY, KCRM, ANXA2, ALBU, SPA3K, ENPL, APOE, MDHM, ITB1, PDIA1, NUCL, PGK1, FRIH, MYL3, SODM, NDUB1, ANXA1, EF1A1, CATB, TAU, THIO, GSTM1, H2B1F, H10, CO1A1, FABPH, HS90B, DMD, PFKAL, COX5A, RL7A, GELS, MYH3, AT1B1, GLUT4, RL7, MDHC, RSSA, CALR, HSPB1, ANXA6, GLNA, B4GT1, GSTM2, H12, LDHB, SPTN1, G3P, ENOA, HXK1, PPIA, TPIS, BASI, COF1, RL13A, SERPH, COX5B, COX41, BIP, PRDX3, VIME, CYTC, ENOB, TGM2, EIF3A, CBX3, CXA1, PIMT, CRYAB, CATA, CAPG, GSTA4, RS2, TLN1, MOES, RADI, CTNA1, DHE3, FKB1A, MAP4, RL3, H2AX, PDIA3, PABP1, FRIL1, FETUA, DESM, AIMP1, LA, ANT3, RANG, MIF, PTN11, HSPB7, ODPA, CALX, PRDX1, RL12, RL18, FBLN2, HMGCL, HSPA9, CAP1, TKT, RL28, ACSL1, ECI1, H14, H11, H15, H13, ALDR, COF2, ACADM, PRS7, ADX, ALDH2, CAPZB, RL6, RL29, CACP, RL13, ANXA5, TBCA, LMNA, CX7A2, TNNI3, ADT1, ROA1, PCY1A, CAV1, ODBA, CSRP3, ACADV, PA2G4, TNNT2, ICAL, ACADL, CAV3, MLRV, ADT2, LUM, KPYM, NDUS6, CPT2, RL10A, ODB2, CCHL, MOT1, IDHP, STOM, ADK, ATPK, ACYP2, ATP68, ATP5E, AT5G2, CX6B1, CX7A1, COX7B, CYB5, UBP5, ATPB, WFS1, ACTN4, EF2, OPA1, TPM1, B2L13, PCBP1, ACTB, RS20, PPLA, UB2D3, UBC12, UBE2N, RL26, RL27, SUMO2, 1433G, RS7, RS8, 1433E, RS14, RS18, RS11, RS13, DLRB1, EF1A2, RS4X, RL23A, RS6, H4, RAN, RS15, RS25, RS30, RL30, CYC, RL31, RS3, RL32, RL8, FBX40, YBOX1, RS27A, HSP7C, MPC1, CH60, GNAS2, 1433Z, HMGB1, IF5A1, ACTG, ACTH, RS12, RS10, RL22, ACTC, UB2L3, TBA4A, TBB4B, H31, IMB1, PEBP1, HINT1, IDHG1, NACAM, TCPD, SGCD, SGCA, WNK1, RL19, SRSF3, H32, RS3A, G3BP2, ANXA4, COQ7, G3BP1, LAMA4, QCR6, PRDX5, APOA1, CO1A2, NDKB, TERA, UBA1, MYH6, ATPA, KCRB, CO6A1, PGBM, EMAL1, ATP5I, CLUS, ANXA7, ACADS, CD36, NEBL, PERM1, TRI72, HSDL2, HP1B3, PRC2C, TM38A, Q3TV00, SRSF6, FUBP2, SDHF1, EI3JA, LIMC1, AAK1, NDUB6, MCCB, COBL1, SLMAP, SRBS2, K22O, CPZIP, NDUF2, MYPN, HSPB6, MLIP, IASPP, TM1L2, ODO1, LAMA2, STIP1, REEP5, VDAC2, VDAC1, COQ8A, LAP2B, PRDX2, HCFC1, LAMB2, HSP74, HCDH, FBN1, FXR1, KTN1, GDIB, DDX5, KINH, LASP1, PZP, NPM, NNTM, SNRPA, SPTB2, SPEG, SRBS1, DBNL, NDUA4, FKBP3, IF4G2, ZYX, CAVN2, SPRE, SF01, CD34, CH10, H2A2B, H2A2C, NQO1, VINC, EI3JB, CLH1, H2A2A, GPSM1, IF4G1, KCRS, LPPRC, AT1A2, CAND2, RS9, CMYA5, FHOD3, ATPMK, MIC27, MSRB2, NP1L4, MTCH1, MTCH2, PICAL, NDUAC, HNRPQ, HUWE1, LC7L2, MIC10, NEXN, SRCA, LNP, CLAP1, SRA1, UBP2L, NRAP, BDH, GLRX5, ATPF1, EFTU, H2A3, LPP, MYPT2, IF4B, ECHM, RCN3, SYIM, EIF2A, ODPX, EEA1, ODP2, ECHA, COQ3, RL24, FLNA, TIDC1, PLIN5, SYP2L, SSDH, THIM, MIC60, PABP2, BOLA3, SYEP, LONM, H2A1F, H2A1H, H2A1K, SEPT8, PGP, AL4A1, SLAI2, PDLI5, PYGB, PAK2, AFG32, EIF3B, FIBB, COXM2, COQ9, SDHA, SIR5, ACD10, NDUS8, NNRE, HIBCH, THIL, MARE2, QCR9, H2AJ, DC1L1, SPART, NAR3, MIC13, CLYBL, PP14C, TXLNB, MAVS, MYH9, VIGLN, PSMD2, AT1A1, LMCD1, HNRPU, S25A3, FLNC, SFPQ, NDUS1, MIC25, ATPG, SH3L3, UBAP2, NDUS2, EIF3H, CISD1, HEMO, EGLN1, L2HDH, RPN1, NDUV1, GRHPR, MYH7, PCCA, UGPA, ETFD, THIKA, TRFE, TOIP1, MACD1, CLIP1, K2C5, UBXN1, ALPK3, RT02, CPT1B, TALDO, ROAA, THTM, STML2, PACN3, ECHB, PLST, ACON, DCTN2, NAMPT, PPIF, NDUAA, ETFA, GRPE1, PARK7, NDUS5, DNJA3, PCCB, MCCA, PPR3A, EH1L1, ACS2L, RRBP1, GDIR1, NDUA5, COX6C, TOM22, ATP5L, NDUB2, COXM1, RM24, NDUC2, DECR, QCR8, NDUA2, FIS1, SDHB, NDUB4, NDUB5, NDUB9, AT5F1, RS21, ACO13, 1433B, CYB5B, KGD4, NDUA6, NDUB3, PSMD9, RL14, NDUB7, M2OM, UCRI, MIC19, OCAD1, PIN4, NDUS4, RT28, SERB1, SPCS2, SSBP, QCR1, NSF1C, C560, CISY, TOM70, RS19, ODPB, HNRPM, PGM1, SCOT1, CY1, HINT2, GAL3A, MCEE, CHCH2, ERP44, NOL3, MMAB, ODO2, COA3, RT33, ATPD, NDUB8, NDUV2, IDH3A, F162A, ARMC1, RL37, QCR7, RL4, EF1G, EFHD2, PRS37, ATPO, QCR2, PGAM1, MYPT1, LNEBL, TELO2, NDUA9, NDUS7, NDUA8, NDUBA, NDUS3, CRIP2, ETFB, ATP5H, MIC26, MMSA, EHD4, NDUAD, POPD1, HRG, PALLD, JPH2, IVD, NHRF2, PALMD, ACTN2, AK1A1, DBLOH, MYOZ2, PDK2, HSPB8, HIG1A, BAG3, AUHM, MACF1, VAPB, NDRG2, ACOT2, QKI, PRS30, UBQL2, H2AY, GLYG, ACOX1, DEST, KAD1, PSA1, KAD2, KAD3, CAD13, PYGM, IF4H, COR1B, SUCA, ECI2, SH3BG, TAGL2, PACN2, EHD1, AIFM1, NDUA7, BAG6, USO1, PLM, LETM1, SUCB2, SUCB1, K2C6B
Species: Mus musculus
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Huynh VN, Wang S, Ouyang X, Wani WY, Johnson MS, Chacko BK, Jegga AG, Qian WJ, Chatham JC, Darley-Usmar VM, Zhang J. Defining the Dynamic Regulation of O-GlcNAc Proteome in the Mouse Cortex---the O-GlcNAcylation of Synaptic and Trafficking Proteins Related to Neurodegenerative Diseases. Frontiers in aging 2021 2 35822049
Abstract:
O-linked conjugation of ß-N-acetyl-glucosamine (O-GlcNAc) to serine and threonine residues is a post-translational modification process that senses nutrient availability and cellular stress and regulates diverse biological processes that are involved in neurodegenerative diseases and provide potential targets for therapeutics development. However, very little is known of the networks involved in the brain that are responsive to changes in the O-GlcNAc proteome. Pharmacological increase of protein O-GlcNAcylation by Thiamet G (TG) has been shown to decrease tau phosphorylation and neurotoxicity, and proposed as a therapy in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, acute TG exposure impairs learning and memory, and protein O-GlcNAcylation is increased in the aging rat brain and in Parkinson's disease (PD) brains. To define the cortical O-GlcNAc proteome that responds to TG, we injected young adult mice with either saline or TG and performed mass spectrometry analysis for detection of O-GlcNAcylated peptides. This approach identified 506 unique peptides corresponding to 278 proteins that are O-GlcNAcylated. Of the 506 unique peptides, 85 peptides are elevated by > 1.5 fold in O-GlcNAcylation levels in response to TG. Using pathway analyses, we found TG-dependent enrichment of O-GlcNAcylated synaptic proteins, trafficking, Notch/Wnt signaling, HDAC signaling, and circadian clock proteins. Significant changes in the O-GlcNAcylation of DNAJC6/AUXI, and PICALM, proteins that are risk factors for PD and/or AD respectively, were detected. We compared our study with two key prior O-GlcNAc proteome studies using mouse cerebral tissue and human AD brains. Among those identified to be increased by TG, 15 are also identified to be increased in human AD brains compared to control, including those involved in cytoskeleton, autophagy, chromatin organization and mitochondrial dysfunction. These studies provide insights regarding neurodegenerative diseases therapeutic targets.
O-GlcNAc proteins:
TANC2, AMRA1, CAMP1, SKT, AGRIN, KANL3, TTLL3, NHSL2, CTTB2, CCDC6, SHAN1, SYGP1, DPYL2, STXB1, CLOCK, NOTC2, VIAAT, CTND2, TPD53, REPS1, NLK, ACK1, SYUA, ATX2, PDLI1, ZFR, HCN1, BSN, TOM1, SYN1, GCR, EGR1, NFL, NFM, ATX1L, DERPC, KCC2A, CNTN1, HSPB1, MAP1B, G3P, ATF2, MTAP2, RS2, FOXK1, STAT3, AINX, EPB41, RFX1, LMNA, INPP, VATA, DVL1, CNBP, ATX1, NCAN, GOGA3, PTPA, GCP3, TB182, GMEB2, YTHD1, PI5PA, MRTFB, LIPA3, NACAM, TNIK, WNK1, NPTN, NEO1, S30BP, ZEP1, APOC2, EMAL1, RELCH, PRC2C, YETS2, FUBP2, QRIC1, LIMC1, DAB2P, ZEP2, AAK1, TNR6A, FCHO2, DRC1, SRBS2, GRM5, PACS2, OXR1, PHAR4, LIN54, MLIP, UNKL, SMG7, RBM27, CYFP2, SYNRG, SRC8, SKIL, NCOR1, LAMA5, HCFC1, P3C2A, SAP, APC, TOB1, AP180, FXR1, HS71A, LASP1, MAFK, M3K7, TAF6, ASPP1, SRBS1, DBNL, SH3G1, TLE4, IF4G2, MINT, ZYX, NUP62, OMGP, TFE3, SYN2, TBR1, RBL2, SBNO1, SLAI1, PKP4, SH3R1, JHD2C, ABLM3, ARMX2, LAR4B, HELZ, S23IP, RBM26, BCR, AHDC1, PAPD7, MFF, KMT2D, ERC2, NFRKB, WDFY3, GGYF2, TEX2, CNOT1, IF2A, PICAL, PLPR3, PRC2B, C2CD5, TPPP, ATX2L, MAP6, NAV3, AUXI, RIMB2, AVL9, NU214, AP4E1, UBP2L, C2C2L, IF4G3, ZN598, SHAN2, LPP, MYPT2, PHIPL, TB10B, CCD40, ZC3HE, DLGP2, ZC21A, BAIP2, EMSY, CLAP2, LIPA2, SRRM2, PAMR1, GEPH, YTHD3, POGZ, EPC2, SI1L1, RBM14, HYCC2, ANK2, CDAN1, SYNPO, VCIP1, TAB1, MEF2C, F193A, OGT1, EP400, EPN2, P66A, PDLI5, GTPBA, ZBT20, RTN1, BRD3, AGFG1, ABLM1, MRTFA, DC1L1, SPART, RFIP5, NUP35, WASF1, SC6A8, SGIP1, AGAP3, P66B, TAF9, WDR13, LRP5, UBAP2, BASP1, DCP1A, SYUB, TRFE, TRIM7, CIC, S12A6, GORS2, TAB2, EPN4, RNF34, ANR17, NECP1, FLIP1, ROA0, RBM33, TPD54, ODO2, DLGP1, FIP1, TM263, PLIN3, LNEBL, KC1D, NBEA, INP4A, RIMS2, RBP2, RTN3, NUDT3, ATR, ADRM1, FMN2, NCOA6, SON, ULK2, ADDA, MAGD1, MAP1A, GRM3, PCLO, GAB1, FBX6, NPAS3, GUAD, NCOR2, ATRN, NFAT5, DEMA, E41L3, SLIT3, CARM1, DYR1B, MECP2, E41L1, HDAC6
Species: Mus musculus
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Zaro BW, Batt AR, Chuh KN, Navarro MX, Pratt MR. The Small Molecule 2-Azido-2-deoxy-glucose Is a Metabolic Chemical Reporter of O-GlcNAc Modifications in Mammalian Cells, Revealing an Unexpected Promiscuity of O-GlcNAc Transferase. ACS chemical biology 2017 12(3) 28135057
Abstract:
Glycans can be directly labeled using unnatural monosaccharide analogs, termed metabolic chemical reporters (MCRs). These compounds enable the secondary visualization and identification of glycoproteins by taking advantage of bioorthogonal reactions. Most widely used MCRs have azides or alkynes at the 2-N-acetyl position but are not selective for one class of glycoprotein over others. To address this limitation, we are exploring additional MCRs that have bioorthogonal functionality at other positions. Here, we report the characterization of 2-azido-2-deoxy-glucose (2AzGlc). We find that 2AzGlc selectively labels intracellular O-GlcNAc modifications, which further supports a somewhat unexpected, structural flexibility in this pathway. In contrast to the endogenous modification N-acetyl-glucosamine (GlcNAc), we find that 2AzGlc is not dynamically removed from protein substrates and that treatment with higher concentrations of per-acetylated 2AzGlc is toxic to cells. Finally, we demonstrate that this toxicity is an inherent property of the small-molecule, as removal of the 6-acetyl-group renders the corresponding reporter nontoxic but still results in protein labeling.
O-GlcNAc proteins:
A2A5R8, A2A6U3, A2AF81, A2AG39, A2AIW9, A2AJ72, A2AJI1, A2AKV2, A2AL12, A2AMW0, A2AUR3, LAS1L, TRM1L, A5A4Y9, A6PWC3, B0QZF8, B1AU76, UPP, B7ZC19, B7ZP47, B8JJC1, D3YWF6, D3YWK1, D3YWS3, D3YYP4, E9PX53, E9Q066, I2BP2, E9Q4Q2, E9Q5L7, E9Q7W0, E9QP59, F8WGW3, G3UX26, G3UYZ0, G3UZ44, G3X972, H3BKW0, H7BWX9, GTPB1, AIP, ATOX1, HDAC1, GSH0, DHX15, IKBE, AKAP2, SLK, IMPCT, IF6, ACOT1, NMT1, DHB12, SRPK1, ZN326, KLC1, RPP30, IDHC, CASP8, GCR, TYSY, RIR1, S10AA, LEG1, G3P, TPIS, PRDX3, CBX3, TISD, CATA, IMDH2, NFKB1, MAP4, CEBPB, CDK4, FKBP4, HMGB2, KAP3, MP2K1, RANG, PTN11, FBRL, PTN12, FMR1, HMGCL, DYN1, CAP1, STAT1, STAT3, PURA, ALD2, SIPA1, PURA2, GSHR, FOSL2, FOSL1, GSTM5, PCY1A, VATA, HDGF, UBP10, RHOX5, HMGA2, CCHL, NUB1, FAF1, ZNRD2, TB182, PCBP1, ARL1, PFD3, TCTP, HMGB1, DYL1, UB2L3, HDAC2, ELAV1, 4EBP2, PYRG1, TCPB, SPTC2, PSME2, BOP1, WBP2, XDH, HMMR, E2AK2, CO6A1, FABP5, LARP7, CNN2, PP4R2, RM10, Q3TFP0, GUAA, FUBP2, TRADD, CTU2, Q3U4W8, SNX27, BABA1, EDC4, COBL1, SKAP2, ARH40, CSTOS, LRRF1, ZMAT1, Q45VK5, JIP4, MDC1, Q5SUW3, SRC8, SAMH1, KHDR1, SPB6, CAPR1, PAPS1, TS101, PA1B2, FNTA, IGBP1, FSCN1, FXR1, CBX5, RAI1, MELK, FOXC2, DBNL, CYTB, NDRG1, RALY, GPDM, RAB3I, F120A, NOP58, Q6DFZ1, TPM4, Q6NXL1, Q6NZD2, TNPO3, SMHD1, UGGG1, UBXN7, TXLNA, DC1L2, KI18B, JUPI2, LARP1, CAND2, ACAP2, HNRPQ, SPAG7, ATX2L, MAP6, ELP1, PJA2, PGRC2, KCMF1, Q80VB6, FA98B, WDTC1, CPPED, LPP, PEF1, IF4B, ATG4B, FTO, Q8BH80, PRUN1, AHSA1, RCC2, NCEH1, LSS, FBLN3, PPR18, SRRM2, MSRB3, PPME1, RL1D1, TBCD4, NHLC2, MAP1S, TLK1, CND2, RAE1L, SEP10, ZFP57, UBA6, UBA3, STON1, PPM1F, GNL3, PUR1, HMCS1, Q8K0C7, PDXK, ANGE2, LRC41, SDE2, DNM1L, ANLN, MATR3, CBR3, MEPCE, ERF3A, DC1L1, SPART, TDIF2, HEXI1, SNP47, UBP15, MAVS, UBXN4, ACSF2, MICU1, ZNG1, BACH, ISOC1, IPYR2, CSDE1, PIP30, GCSH, Q91X76, DUS3L, BAG2, KCC1A, TTC1, HNRLL, RIN1, PP6R3, MARC2, DBR1, ATAD3, PSIP1, NXF1, NONO, PLST, RRAGC, VMA5A, TARA, DDAH2, TADA1, GRPE1, ABD12, NU155, OGFR, NPM3, GLOD4, COPRS, DPOE4, MIEN1, TRAP1, VATG1, CHSP1, OCAD1, RANB3, MFR1L, NDUF7, TBC15, PPIL4, MPPB, CYBP, ZCHC8, CD37L, MMS19, ARPIN, HNRPM, NXP20, SPF27, TOE1, Q9D4G5, ATAD1, CF226, IPYR, ORN, CNN3, KAP0, PLIN3, AKAP8, EIF3F, IFG15, LIMA1, NEK7, RTN3, STK3, NUP50, SYSM, HSPB8, BAG3, CUL3, RABX5, CAF1A, DREB, TOM40, DNJC7, NFU1, FBX6, NUBP1, DEST, TEBP, ACOT9, NFKB2, KAD2, SKP1, PDC6I, VAPA, CARM1, RAD9A, IF2G, SAE2, TRIP6, MBD2, HNRPF
Species: Mus musculus
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Chuh KN, Batt AR, Zaro BW, Darabedian N, Marotta NP, Brennan CK, Amirhekmat A, Pratt MR. The New Chemical Reporter 6-Alkynyl-6-deoxy-GlcNAc Reveals O-GlcNAc Modification of the Apoptotic Caspases That Can Block the Cleavage/Activation of Caspase-8. Journal of the American Chemical Society 2017 139(23) 28528544
Abstract:
O-GlcNAc modification (O-GlcNAcylation) is required for survival in mammalian cells. Genetic and biochemical experiments have found that increased modification inhibits apoptosis in tissues and cell culture and that lowering O-GlcNAcylation induces cell death. However, the molecular mechanisms by which O-GlcNAcylation might inhibit apoptosis are still being elucidated. Here, we first synthesize a new metabolic chemical reporter, 6-Alkynyl-6-deoxy-GlcNAc (6AlkGlcNAc), for the identification of O-GlcNAc-modified proteins. Subsequent characterization of 6AlkGlcNAc shows that this probe is selectively incorporated into O-GlcNAcylated proteins over cell-surface glycoproteins. Using this probe, we discover that the apoptotic caspases are O-GlcNAcylated, which we confirmed using other techniques, raising the possibility that the modification affects their biochemistry. We then demonstrate that changes in the global levels of O-GlcNAcylation result in a converse change in the kinetics of caspase-8 activation during apoptosis. Finally, we show that caspase-8 is modified at residues that can block its cleavage/activation. Our results provide the first evidence that the caspases may be directly affected by O-GlcNAcylation as a potential antiapoptotic mechanism.
O-GlcNAc proteins:
A2A4A6, A2A5R8, GPTC8, SPD2B, A2ACG7, A2AFQ9, A2AFW6, A2AG46, CKAP5, A2AH75, A2AJ72, MA7D1, A2AL12, A2AMW0, A2AMY5, TPX2, PPIG, LAS1L, A5A4Y9, A6PWC3, A6PWK7, UBP36, B1AT03, B1AT82, B1AU75, B2RQG2, OTUD4, B7ZCP4, B7ZP47, D3YUW8, D3YWF6, D3YWK1, D3YX62, SAFB1, D3YXM7, D3YZ06, D3YZP6, D3Z069, D3Z158, D3Z3F8, D3Z6W2, E0CYM1, E9PUH7, E9PVM7, E9PWG6, E9PWV3, E9PWW9, E9PY48, E9PYT3, E9PZM7, E9Q066, E9Q2X6, NU153, E9Q450, E9Q4K7, E9Q4Q2, KIF23, BD1L1, NUMA1, E9Q7M2, E9Q986, E9Q9E1, E9Q9H2, E9QKG3, E9QKG6, E9QKZ2, E9QLA5, E9QP49, E9QP59, E9QPI5, F2Z3X7, F6S5I0, F7AA26, F7BQE4, FARP1, F8VQ93, F8VQC7, F8VQE9, F8VQK5, F8WI30, G3UZ44, G3UZX6, G3X8R0, G3X8Y3, G3X928, G3X963, G3X972, G3X9V0, G5E896, G5E8E1, H3BJU7, H3BK31, H3BKK2, H7BX26, I1E4X0, I7HIK9, J3QNW0, DPYL2, GTPB1, AKAP1, TCOF, AIP, HDAC1, RL21, GSH0, KIF1C, DHX15, SC6A6, IF6, ILK, ATX2, NMT1, E41L2, DHB12, SRPK1, ZN326, ZFR, PARG, SPD2A, SP1, CASP8, HPRT, LDHA, G6PI, TYSY, RIR1, GNAI2, ITB1, 4F2, H2B1F, MAP1B, HMOX1, LEG1, G3P, KS6A3, COF1, GNAO, IFRD1, VIME, UBL4A, CBX3, CXA1, CATA, IMDH2, IL1RA, MCM3, CDK4, NKTR, FKBP4, CBX2, HMGB2, AIMP1, KAP3, MP2K1, SYWC, KIF4, NEDD1, DPOLA, RANG, UBP4, PTN11, RAB18, PTN1, PTN12, LDLR, DNLI1, CAP1, STAT3, STA5B, PURA, ALD2, RAGP1, NEDD4, STT3A, ALDH2, GSHR, GFPT1, PCY1A, MCM4, ICAL, PLCB3, CDN2A, HDGF, UBP10, KPYM, CCHL, IDHP, DDX6, GOGA3, COX17, ACTN4, GCP3, TB182, EIF3E, ABCE1, PFD3, 1433E, RAP1A, RS25, TCTP, DNJA1, HMGB1, IF5A1, RS17, RS12, UB2L3, HXD13, HDAC2, ELAV1, TP53B, CASP3, PYRG1, TCPB, STIM2, SRSF3, CSRP2, SPTC2, BOP1, SMAD4, M4K4, HNRL2, MARK3, LARP7, CNN2, PP4R2, PEPD, CDCA2, Q3TFP0, GUAA, PDE12, Q3TL72, PRC2C, NOL9, FUBP2, TRADD, CTU2, ZN865, Q3U4W8, Q3UG37, NAT9, NOL8, Q3UJQ9, SC31A, NCBP1, LRRF1, DDX17, LRC47, JIP4, EHMT1, CA050, AAPK1, NSRP1, Q5RL57, Q5SQB0, TENS3, PUR4, Q5UE59, SRC8, SAMH1, KHDR1, GRB10, HELLS, SPB6, RIPK1, CAPR1, ASNS, LAP2A, CDC37, TS101, SNTB2, FNTA, BAP31, PLPP1, FSCN1, FXR1, DDX5, ATRX, DDX3Y, DDX3X, TGFI1, DBNL, SH3G1, CYTB, SMAD2, NDRG1, ZYX, SQSTM, TPP2, ZN512, LAR4B, F120A, CNDG2, NOP58, LTV1, Q6NV52, Q6NXL1, Q6NZD2, ANKL2, Q6P5B5, XPO1, KIF15, FHOD1, TXLNA, PTN23, JUPI2, NUDC1, TACC1, UBE2O, LARP1, ACAP2, 2AAA, MTCH2, ZN503, CYFP1, HNRPQ, SPAG7, DEK, ACTN1, ATX2L, CKP2L, ZN516, ERBIN, SEPT9, PGRC2, Q80VB6, UBP2L, PI42B, ZN598, SAFB2, Q80ZX0, DLG1, LPP, PEF1, IF4B, FTO, TIPRL, Q8BH80, MISSL, ERC6L, CARF, PRUN1, NUP93, FBX30, HBAP1, AHSA1, RCC2, IPO5, SYLC, CKAP4, MAP11, PALM2, CPNE3, SENP7, CSN7B, NSD2, DPP9, Q8BWW3, KANK2, PXK, PIGT, ITPK1, NHLC2, MAP1S, GWL, PKHH2, CND2, THOP1, SEP11, SKA3, CA198, SEP10, AROS, UBA6, LIPB1, SMAG1, Q8CCM0, ZN276, NAA30, SNX8, SYEP, OGT1, GNL3, PDLI5, FERM2, AGO2, HMCS1, AMERL, SCNM1, DNM1L, NEK9, ANLN, EDC3, MATR3, CHAP1, MEPCE, ERF3A, CC137, TDIF2, VPS18, RFC3, MCMBP, HEXI1, LUZP1, SNP47, TMX1, MAVS, UBXN4, Q8VCQ8, ACSF2, PARN, VIGLN, PSMD2, NAA40, F1142, ZNG1, PAXI, SFPQ, CPIN1, RAB14, IPYR2, PUS7, CSDE1, PIP30, RABE2, CISD1, Q91X76, DUS3L, KCC1A, TTC1, SRGP2, SNX18, RISC, HNRLL, Q921K2, PP6R3, LRC59, UBXN1, DBR1, KCC2G, Q924B0, WAC, SMC6, PAWR, SIAS, STML2, PSIP1, NXF1, PDXD1, NONO, PLST, RRAGC, VMA5A, MAOM, DCTN2, ZN281, CT2NL, GRPE1, ABD12, NU155, OGFR, NPM3, NOP16, GLOD4, DUT, MTAP, IFM3, CYB5B, PAF15, PSMD9, WIPI3, SKA2, VATG1, CHSP1, LRC40, RANB3, SMC1A, MFR1L, ARHGP, DDX47, TBC15, PPIL4, MPPB, CYBP, TECR, SERB1, ZCHC8, SPCS2, Q9CZP3, CD37L, SSBP3, MMS19, MGRN1, ARPIN, HNRPM, SYRC, MCES, Q9D4G5, ATAD1, F162A, TRIR, IPYR, PHF10, ARFG3, ORN, BOLA1, CNN3, KAP0, PLIN3, AKAP8, XRN2, GNAI3, PUR6, RAI14, SENP3, ARFG1, SIL1, VPS35, DGCR8, SYCC, ELP4, LIMA1, XPO2, RBP2, RTN3, PALLD, TMOD3, STK3, COPB, NUP50, DDX21, SH3L1, DDX20, MBNL1, BAG3, GKAP1, ZN207, TRXR1, PPCE, CAF1A, LIMD1, NDRG3, DNJC7, NFU1, COPG1, NUBP1, SMAP, DEST, ACOT9, PR40A, FOXO1, FIZ1, NFKB2, KAD2, AKA12, PRKRA, PDC6I, CHIP, COR1C, VAPA, NDKM, E41L3, TAGL2, CARM1, MTNB, BCL10, IF2G, P5CS, COG1, MD2L1, EIF3G, SAE2, ILF3, TRIP6, USO1, BAZ1B, HNRPF, KEAP1
Species: Mus musculus
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Gurel Z, Zaro BW, Pratt MR, Sheibani N. Identification of O-GlcNAc modification targets in mouse retinal pericytes: implication of p53 in pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. PloS one 2014 9(5) 24788674
Abstract:
Hyperglycemia is the primary cause of the majority of diabetes complications, including diabetic retinopathy (DR). Hyperglycemic conditions have a detrimental effect on many tissues and cell types, especially the retinal vascular cells including early loss of pericytes (PC). However, the mechanisms behind this selective sensitivity of retinal PC to hyperglycemia are undefined. The O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification is elevated under hyperglycemic condition, and thus, may present an important molecular modification impacting the hyperglycemia-driven complications of diabetes. We have recently demonstrated that the level of O-GlcNAc modification in response to high glucose is variable in various retinal vascular cells. Retinal PC responded with the highest increase in O-GlcNAc modification compared to retinal endothelial cells and astrocytes. Here we show that these differences translated into functional changes, with an increase in apoptosis of retinal PC, not just under high glucose but also under treatment with O-GlcNAc modification inducers, PUGNAc and Thiamet-G. To gain insight into the molecular mechanisms involved, we have used click-It chemistry and LC-MS analysis and identified 431 target proteins of O-GlcNAc modification in retinal PC using an alkynyl-modified GlcNAc analog (GlcNAlk). Among the O-GlcNAc target proteins identified here 115 of them were not previously reported to be target of O-GlcNAc modification. We have identified at least 34 of these proteins with important roles in various aspects of cell death processes. Our results indicated that increased O-GlcNAc modification of p53 was associated with an increase in its protein levels in retinal PC. Together our results suggest that post-translational O-GlcNAc modification of p53 and its increased levels may contribute to selective early loss of PC during diabetes. Thus, modulation of O-GlcNAc modification may provide a novel treatment strategy to prevent the initiation and progression of DR.
O-GlcNAc proteins:
UBP36, PYR1, RBM25, TRIPC, CAN2, PRDX4, AIP, GSTO1, X3CL1, DHX15, HNRH1, AT2A2, GPX4, TRI18, O88568, HA1W, LDHA, ANXA2, RIR1, HS90A, ANXA1, HS90B, TCPA, UMPS, H12, LEG1, DDX3L, TPIS, HB2I, FAS, IMDH2, MCM3, PSB8, SYWC, PRDX1, DNLI1, CAP1, STAT3, PURA, TCPQ, H14, H11, NEDD4, CAPZB, RL36, HS74L, ADT1, MCM4, RAB7A, ADT2, KPYM, RL10A, ACTN4, EF2, RIPK2, SF3B6, PCBP1, ABCE1, 1433E, RS11, 1433Z, TBA1A, EM55, HNRH2, ELAV1, TP53B, TCPB, ARF1, PSME2, TBB5, UBA1, CNN2, TGM3, INF2, GUAA, FUBP2, LRRF1, DDX17, SRC8, MYL6, SAMH1, KHDR1, IRGM1, SPB6, VDAC3, ASNS, LAP2A, PPM1G, PSN2, ZN638, FXR1, SERA, PZP, NPM, GPDM, NOP58, TPM4, NEST, TNKS1, RS9, MBB1A, ATX2L, FLNB, SYAC, LSS, CKAP4, HEAT3, THOP1, AROS, TXNL1, SYEP, STAU2, AGO4, HMCS1, PNPT1, ANLN, MATR3, WIPI1, MYH9, PARN, AT1A1, FLNC, RAB14, SFXN3, IPYR2, SMC1B, TADBP, LRC59, NONO, GRPE1, NU155, OGFR, MTAP, CYB5B, MPPB, GARS, HNRPM, TRIR, IPYR, EF1G, PUR6, RAI14, LIMA1, PALLD, TMOD3, DDX21, WDR12, CUL3, TRXR1, DREB, ZBP1, TOM40, DNJC7, IIGP1, DEST, ACOT9, KAD2, TEN1, VAPA, GBP2, P5CS, SAE2, SYVC, HNRPF
Species: Mus musculus
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Chuh KN, Zaro BW, Piller F, Piller V, Pratt MR. Changes in metabolic chemical reporter structure yield a selective probe of O-GlcNAc modification. Journal of the American Chemical Society 2014 136(35) 25153642
Abstract:
Metabolic chemical reporters (MCRs) of glycosylation are analogues of monosaccharides that contain bioorthogonal functionalities and enable the direct visualization and identification of glycoproteins from living cells. Each MCR was initially thought to report on specific types of glycosylation. We and others have demonstrated that several MCRs are metabolically transformed and enter multiple glycosylation pathways. Therefore, the development of selective MCRs remains a key unmet goal. We demonstrate here that 6-azido-6-deoxy-N-acetyl-glucosamine (6AzGlcNAc) is a specific MCR for O-GlcNAcylated proteins. Biochemical analysis and comparative proteomics with 6AzGlcNAc, N-azidoacetyl-glucosamine (GlcNAz), and N-azidoacetyl-galactosamine (GalNAz) revealed that 6AzGlcNAc exclusively labels intracellular proteins, while GlcNAz and GalNAz are incorporated into a combination of intracellular and extracellular/lumenal glycoproteins. Notably, 6AzGlcNAc cannot be biosynthetically transformed into the corresponding UDP sugar-donor by the canonical salvage-pathway that requires phosphorylation at the 6-hydroxyl. In vitro experiments showed that 6AzGlcNAc can bypass this roadblock through direct phosphorylation of its 1-hydroxyl by the enzyme phosphoacetylglucosamine mutase (AGM1). Taken together, 6AzGlcNAc enables the specific analysis of O-GlcNAcylated proteins, and these results suggest that specific MCRs for other types of glycosylation can be developed. Additionally, our data demonstrate that cells are equipped with a somewhat unappreciated metabolic flexibility with important implications for the biosynthesis of natural and unnatural carbohydrates.
O-GlcNAc proteins:
A1BN54, A2A4Z1, A2A6U3, A2AFJ1, A2AG83, A2AL12, A2AMW0, A2AMY5, LAS1L, B1AU75, OTUD4, B7FAU9, B7ZP47, D3YUC9, D3YVJ7, SAFB1, D3Z4W3, E9PVC5, E9PZM7, E9Q066, E9Q2X6, E9Q310, E9Q5L7, E9Q7M2, E9Q986, F6T2Z7, G3UZ44, G3UZI2, G3X8Q0, G3X8Y3, G3X928, G3X972, G3X9V0, G5E8E1, H3BKK2, J3JS94, CAN2, DPYL2, AIP, HDAC1, MP2K3, GSH0, DHX15, ZW10, AKAP2, SLK, NMT1, E41L2, SRPK1, PARG, SPD2A, LDHA, ANXA2, RIR1, ANXA1, LMNB1, LEG1, G3P, TPIS, COF1, FAS, CBX3, BCAT1, MCM3, MAP4, FKBP4, HMGB2, AIMP1, MP2K1, SYWC, RANG, UBP4, PTN11, RAB5C, DNLI1, CAP1, STAT3, EPS15, PURA, MSH2, ALD2, PURA2, NEDD4, GFPT1, PCY1A, ICAL, HDGF, UBP10, ACTN4, EF2, TB182, SF3B6, PCBP1, PSME3, PFD3, MTPN, DNJA1, SUMO1, IF5A1, UB2L3, HDAC2, ELAV1, 4EBP2, PYRG1, TCPB, BOP1, DAB2, XDH, UBA1, LARP7, CNN2, PP4R2, PSA, Q3TFP0, GUAA, METK2, FA98A, Q3TT92, UAP1L, NOL9, FUBP2, Q3U4W8, YRDC, NOL8, COBL1, CSTOS, LRRF1, Q3V3Y9, DDX17, MDC1, TENS3, Q5UE59, SRC8, SAMH1, KHDR1, SPB6, CAPR1, PAPS1, ASNS, LAP2B, LAP2A, PPM1G, CDC37, FXR1, PCBP2, KPCI, DDX3X, TSN, DBNL, CYTB, ZYX, RALY, SQSTM, TPP2, PEAK1, NOP58, TPM4, LTV1, ZC11A, Q6P5B5, SMHD1, GGA2, TXLNA, JUPI2, UBE2O, LARP1, 2AAA, MTCH2, DEK, MBB1A, ATX2L, OTUB1, MAP6, AFTIN, FLNB, PI42B, ZN598, SAFB2, GRWD1, CPPED, LPP, PEF1, IF4B, SYAC, RUFY1, PRUN1, CTF18, AHSA1, RCC2, IPO5, CKAP4, PPR18, HEAT3, SRRM2, HAT1, MAP1S, TLK1, CND2, THOP1, SEP11, TBL3, SEP10, UBA6, SYEP, GNL3, PDLI5, HMCS1, PKHO2, NEK9, ANLN, MATR3, CBR3, MEPCE, ERF3A, SPART, TDIF2, MCMBP, UBP15, MAVS, Q8VCQ8, PSMD2, FLNC, CPIN1, ACLY, MK67I, RINI, PUS7, CSDE1, DUS3L, KCC1A, TTC1, TADBP, RIN1, NONO, RRAGC, SERB, UBQL4, OGFR, NPM3, GLOD4, MTAP, CYB5B, PSMD9, CHSP1, OCAD1, RANB3, MFR1L, TBC15, CYBP, ZCHC8, GARS, CD37L, UB2V1, HNRPM, Q9D4G5, NOP56, IPYR, CNN3, KAP0, PLIN3, AKAP8, XRN2, MYPT1, PUR6, WDR4, SENP3, LIMA1, ANM1, NUP50, DDX20, IQGA1, MBNL1, ELOV1, DCLK1, BAG3, PPCE, CAF1A, LIMD1, DREB, TOM40, DEST, FOXO1, NFKB2, PDC6I, COR1C, TAGL2, CARM1, MTNB, GBP2, P5CS, EIF3G, SAE2, USO1, HNRPF, KEAP1
Species: Mus musculus
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Trinidad JC, Barkan DT, Gulledge BF, Thalhammer A, Sali A, Schoepfer R, Burlingame AL. Global identification and characterization of both O-GlcNAcylation and phosphorylation at the murine synapse. Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP 2012 11(8) 22645316
Abstract:
O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is a dynamic, reversible monosaccharide modifier of serine and threonine residues on intracellular protein domains. Crosstalk between O-GlcNAcylation and phosphorylation has been hypothesized. Here, we identified over 1750 and 16,500 sites of O-GlcNAcylation and phosphorylation from murine synaptosomes, respectively. In total, 135 (7%) of all O-GlcNAcylation sites were also found to be sites of phosphorylation. Although many proteins were extensively phosphorylated and minimally O-GlcNAcylated, proteins found to be extensively O-GlcNAcylated were almost always phosphorylated to a similar or greater extent, indicating the O-GlcNAcylation system is specifically targeting a subset of the proteome that is also phosphorylated. Both PTMs usually occur on disordered regions of protein structure, within which, the location of O-GlcNAcylation and phosphorylation is virtually random with respect to each other, suggesting that negative crosstalk at the structural level is not a common phenomenon. As a class, protein kinases are found to be more extensively O-GlcNAcylated than proteins in general, indicating the potential for crosstalk of phosphorylation with O-GlcNAcylation via regulation of enzymatic activity.
O-GlcNAc proteins:
A0JNY3, A2A653, A2A654, TANC2, ZEP3, MA7D2, CKAP5, CAMP1, LZTS3, A2AJ19, AJM1, MA7D1, A2ALK6, RPGP1, UBR4, A2AP92, SKT, ANR63, A2ATK9, A2AUD5, A2BI30, A6H6J9, A6MDD2, A8DUV1, B1AQX6, B1AR09, GRIK3, B1ATI9, B1AWT3, NHSL2, FRS1L, UBP24, DLGP4, B2RQ57, B2RQ80, PYR1, B2RQL0, B2RQQ5, GNAI1, B2RUE8, OTU7B, B2RWX1, B6ZHC4, B6ZHC5, B7ZCA7, B7ZMP8, B7ZNA4, B7ZNF6, B7ZWM6, B9EHE8, CTTB2, B9EKL9, PTPRZ, D1FNM8, D3YU59, D3YWX2, DGKH, D3YXR8, PGBD5, SHAN1, D3Z0V7, D3Z2J5, D9HP81, E0CYT1, E9PUA3, E9PUC4, DGKD, E9PUR0, E9PV14, E9PV26, KI67, E9PWL1, E9PWM3, E9PY55, E9PZP8, E9Q1M1, E9Q2B2, E9Q3D6, NU153, E9Q3M9, E9Q4N6, E9Q616, E9Q6T8, E9Q6Y8, NUMA1, E9Q828, E9Q9I2, E9Q9J6, E9QA16, E9QAP7, E9QAR5, SC16A, E9QJU8, E9QMJ1, SYGP1, RFIP2, HXK2, CAN2, SC22B, DPYL2, STXB1, TCOF, DCTN1, GLU2B, EF2K, PRDX4, AIP, NUMBL, GSTO1, GSH0, M3K5, PSMD4, DHX15, NPC1, BMPR2, VIAAT, BCAT2, CTND2, PITM1, CSK22, REPS1, ACK1, SLK, CAC1B, PGRC1, IMPA1, SYUA, AKA7A, STRN, RL35A, AT2A2, PGAM2, ATX2, NMT1, E41L2, GPX4, EMC8, DHB12, HCN4, KDM6A, ZN326, SORL, GRPE2, KLC1, ZFR, O88568, HCN2, HCN1, BSN, TOM1, RPP30, DNJB5, COX1, HA1D, HBA, K2C1, MBP, ALDOA, PGFRB, LDHA, G6PI, ENPP1, NEUM, ANXA2, RIR1, HS90A, EGR1, MDHM, KCC4, NFL, NFM, GNAI2, PDIA1, NUCL, CADH1, RC3H2, LRC4B, IGS11, DERPC, UBB, IFI5B, IFI4, ANXA1, EF1A1, H2B1F, PARP1, HS90B, DMD, KCC2A, TCPA, A4, COX5A, GELS, UMPS, NCAM1, GPDA, MDHC, SRP54, RLA0, GLNA, H12, LEG1, DDX3L, SPTN1, AP2A2, TPIS, KS6A3, COF1, GNAO, NFH, SERPH, VIME, MTAP2, EIF3A, CBX3, IMDH2, MCM3, CTNA1, MAP4, GNA12, GNA13, PDIA3, PSB8, NCKP1, PABP1, FKBP4, HMGB2, AIMP1, LA, ACM4, SYWC, RANG, RAB5C, RAB18, CALX, PRDX1, RL12, PPM1B, DNLI1, CAP1, STAT3, PURA, OPRM, TCPQ, CX6A1, MSH2, H14, H11, ALDR, ALD2, CBP, AINX, NEDD4, RP3A, CAPZB, SRPRB, RL36, SOX2, HS74L, ADT1, ROA1, INPP, PCY1A, MCM4, CSRP3, RAB7A, CDN2A, HDGF, ADT2, IMA1, UBP10, KPYM, RIDA, HMGA2, RL10A, CCHL, SOX1, RAB2A, ATX1, CACB3, HMCS2, GOGA3, ATPK, ATPB, ACTN4, IDI1, ACOT8, PTPA, KCNN2, KCNN3, TB10A, TB182, SF3B6, MRTFB, DOCK4, MYPR, EIF3E, PCBP1, LIPA3, ACTB, IF4A1, SNP25, RAB10, CSN2, RRAS2, PRS8, RS15A, 1433E, RS18, RS11, SMD1, ABI2, EF1A2, ACTA, VATB2, RL23, RS24, GBB1, HSP7C, TCTP, GNAS2, 1433Z, HMGB1, IF5A1, ACTG, RS17, RS12, UB2L3, RACK1, ACTS, TBA4A, TBA1A, TBB4B, PLXA2, DCC, EBP, NFIX, EM55, HNRH2, NCOA1, ELAV1, RGRF2, USP9X, TCPB, TCPE, TCPZ, NUCB2, IRS2, WNK1, RL36A, CSRP1, SEPR, RS3A, DPYL1, MPRIP, CAC1A, ATP5J, BOP1, RS5, WBP2, CXAR, PLPL9, G3BP1, RBBP6, CDS1, TBB5, IL6RB, NMDE2, NMDE3, TOP2A, NOTC1, NDKB, AQP1, UBA1, CTNB1, S30BP, NFIA, NUCB1, MARK3, APLP1, ENAH, ATPA, TF65, YES, MARK2, PGBM, PYC, CAPR2, EMAL1, LARP7, BAX, CNN2, LYAR, CHD8, CNNM1, INF2, TT21B, Q0IJ77, TRIO, VGF, TANC1, CDK12, Q14B66, MA6D1, NSUN2, MCM9, PHAR1, PSD3, Q2Q7P0, FILA2, Q3TAD4, NB5R4, GUAA, METK2, PRC2C, Q3TRG3, PLPL6, K22E, YETS2, Q3TY93, FUBP2, F117B, Q3U882, LBR, TM109, FOXK2, Q3UFK1, Q3UGZ4, TNR6C, DAB2P, ZEP2, AAK1, Q3UHT7, DTX3L, EDC4, PARP3, WASC4, GRIN1, Q3UQ23, SRBS2, THSD4, MRCKA, SPRY3, KSR2, GRM5, TBCD9, LRRF1, ARMX5, STOX2, SHAN3, UBN1, OXR1, DDX17, PHAR4, ANR28, ZN608, Q571B7, PRAG1, TAB3, Q58DZ3, IQEC2, Q5DU62, AAPK1, NUFP2, UNKL, SMG7, RBM27, CYFP2, TM1L2, PSME4, ANR40, Q5SUH6, GGNB2, SYNRG, Q5SVJ0, RPGP2, TBC9B, ACACA, Q5SXC4, Q5XJV5, LMTK3, RN123, ZDHC8, SRC8, MYL6, SKI, SAMH1, IRGM1, CLD11, NPT2A, SPB6, VDAC2, VDAC3, VDAC1, STYX, RBBP4, ASNS, NCOA2, LAP2A, PPM1G, ASTN1, PRDX2, HCFC1, APC, KCNA4, AP180, FXR1, GDIB, GRID2, GRID1, CBX5, SERA, LASP1, NPM, PCBP2, M3K7, SRBS1, DBNL, SH3G1, CYTB, IF4G2, MINT, ZYX, RALY, TFE3, Q640L6, AR13B, HECAM, NPDC1, SYN2, TBR1, ISG15, ABCG1, ATP4A, MRC2, G3PT, PTN13, TPP2, CTNA3, SBNO1, BEGIN, K1549, GIT1, SLAI1, PKP4, PEAK1, CDK13, SH3R1, MYOF, ABLM3, ARMX2, CE170, LAR4B, NOP58, Q6GR78, TPM4, NIPBL, RRP5, FBX41, Q6NVA3, RPRD2, WWC2, ZN532, Q6NXW0, S23IP, SMHD1, NEST, CSKI1, Q6P9N8, MTSS2, AHDC1, PTN23, TRAK1, SRSF1, CHD4, DLGP3, NUP98, NYAP1, KCC2D, AT1A3, AT1A2, NFRKB, RIGI, MAGI1, WDFY3, TACC1, GGYF2, PF21A, KDM3B, CNOT1, LARP1, Q6ZQB7, NU188, Q6ZQJ9, Q6ZQK4, RS9, RL10, IF2A, SC6A5, SEM6D, 2AAA, EEIG1, MTCH2, PICAL, MRO2B, SCN4B, PLPR4, HNRPQ, TBB2A, SMAP2, Q7TNS5, PLPR3, MBB1A, LNP, TPPP, ATX2L, OTUB1, EXOS3, MAP6, ELP1, SI1L2, LRRC7, ERBIN, PHF24, R3HD2, NAV3, AGRL3, Q80TS6, AUXI, MADD, AVL9, PUM1, UBP8, NU214, SEPT9, NAA15, CAMP3, FA98B, TDRKH, EPN1, TMCC2, AGFG2, UBP2L, Q80X68, C2C2L, FLNB, LRRT4, WNK3, PRIC2, CNKR2, ZN598, SHAN2, AGRB3, Q80ZX0, ZFYV1, MAST4, RHG32, ENTP3, LPP, PEF1, ACTBL, TET3, MYPT2, IF4B, SYAC, F168A, TBL1R, TB10B, CSTP1, CARF, TGO1, FRM4A, SYIM, ANS1B, DLGP2, ZNT6, RCC2, ABLM2, LSS, UNC80, NOE2, CF015, EMSY, ODP2, GGA3, SYLC, DMXL2, IMP2L, CLAP2, LIPA2, ASPH, CNOT4, FLNA, F163B, GEPH, CREST, KCC1D, PGES2, KANK2, GEMI5, IFFO1, OSBL6, YTHD3, TM266, POGZ, LACC1, MAP1S, A16L1, SI1L1, PP4R4, MYO9A, THOP1, RBM14, Q8C2R1, CNOT2, Q8C6E9, CC134, ANK2, ELFN1, DIDO1, NHSL1, WDR37, DCTN4, SYNPO, BCAS3, VCIP1, Q8CE98, TAB1, SCYL2, NED4L, SYEP, F193A, GNAL, OGT1, NAV1, SYNJ1, RPGF2, EP400, PHC3, P66A, TBCE, VWF, STAU2, LIN7A, TBC23, ZBT20, RTN1, HS12A, DNM1L, UNC5B, UNC5A, ANLN, AGFG1, MATR3, Q8K314, AHI1, NDUS8, I2BPL, PREP, ABLM1, EIF3L, ERF3A, HNRPL, IQEC1, DOCK7, DC1L1, SPART, BST2, RFIP5, AT2A1, NUP35, LUZP1, MAVS, MYH9, PARN, AT1A1, SIR2, SNRK, ZDHC5, CC50A, AMOT, AGAP3, MARK1, Q8VHM5, FLNC, SFPQ, CPIN1, WDR13, BACH, S12A5, RAB14, ACLY, MIC25, ATPG, DDX1, SH3L3, UBAP2, NCOA5, CSDE1, FRS3, ZFN2B, DLG2, PTBP2, SRGP1, TMLH, DYST, SYUB, ELOV6, ALS2, TADBP, TBB6, CLIP1, LRC59, K2C5, UBXN1, SIR1, SPRE1, PAWR, MED1, MEP50, STML2, UBP11, NONO, RRAGC, VMA5A, MAOM, DCTN2, NEUA, DDAH2, DNJA3, TRXR3, RB6I2, SRRT, DSRAD, Q99NC2, RIMS1, ANR17, NU155, NTRI, RRBP1, ZN318, TRI33, ATP5L, RL17, GLOD4, DUT, SDHB, GLRX3, IFM3, NECP1, OCAD1, RRP44, TBB2B, DDAH1, YIF1B, ROA0, NIP7, MPPB, CYBP, RL11, TECR, CHTOP, SERB1, QCR1, NNRD, GARS, TOM70, RS19, SYRC, CNDP2, TMEDA, ODO2, DLGP1, TBB4A, IDH3A, IPYR, RL37, FIP1, TIM50, EF1G, RM17, GSDMD, DDA1, F135B, TM263, CNN3, PLIN3, PGAM1, XRN2, MYPT1, DJC10, KC1D, GNAI3, PUR6, S38A3, NDUBA, CRIP2, TSC1, RAI14, NBEA, TCF20, SORC2, DPYL5, TBB3, RBP2, ARHG7, RTN3, SPN90, RBCC1, PSMG2, DDX24, CLD12, PALLD, ELF2, TMOD3, NUDT3, COPB, NUP50, DDX21, TULP4, FLII, RPF2, CCG3, TBA8, IQGA1, NECT1, ADRM1, FMN2, PALS1, DCLK1, BAG3, CUL3, MINK1, REEP6, TRXR1, SYGP1, SON, APBB1, DREB, SPY2, MACF1, ULK2, ZBP1, TOM40, ADDA, GOGA5, DNJB1, MAP1A, PCLO, GAB1, RIPK3, NPAS3, SH2D3, NUBP2, ZEB2, SYT7, DEST, TEBP, SRS10, RPGR, PR40A, KHDR3, TPSN, CDYL, KAD2, TEN1, PDC6I, CHIP, IF4H, COR1B, COR1C, TNIP1, GANP, ARC, MPP2, SHAN1, VAPA, GSK3B, DEMA, E41L3, JIP1, GBP2, CAD20, P5CS, LAT1, DYR1B, MD2L1, SAE2, APCL, SYVC, MTMR1, MECP2, E41L1, SUCB1, HDAC6, GRIA4, HOME1, OSB10
Species: Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus
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Zaro BW, Yang YY, Hang HC, Pratt MR. Chemical reporters for fluorescent detection and identification of O-GlcNAc-modified proteins reveal glycosylation of the ubiquitin ligase NEDD4-1. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2011 108(20) 21540332
Abstract:
The dynamic modification of nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins by the monosaccharide N-acetyl-glucosamine (GlcNAc) continues to emerge as an important regulator of many biological processes. Herein we describe the development of an alkynyl-modified GlcNAc analog (GlcNAlk) as a new chemical reporter of O-GlcNAc modification in living cells. This strategy is based on metabolic incorporation of reactive functionality into the GlcNAc biosynthetic pathway. When combined with the Cu(I)-catalyzed [3 + 2] azide-alkyne cycloaddition, this chemical reporter allowed for the robust in-gel fluorescent visualization of O-GlcNAc and affinity enrichment and identification of O-GlcNAc-modified proteins. Using in-gel fluorescence detection, we characterized the metabolic fates of GlcNAlk and the previously reported azido analog, GlcNAz. We confirmed previous results that GlcNAz can be metabolically interconverted to GalNAz, whereas GlcNAlk does not, thereby yielding a more specific metabolic reporter of O-GlcNAc modification. We also used GlcNAlk, in combination with a biotin affinity tag, to identify 374 proteins, 279 of which were not previously reported, and we subsequently confirmed the enrichment of three previously uncharacterized proteins. Finally we confirmed the O-GlcNAc modification of the ubiquitin ligase NEDD4-1, the first reported glycosylation of this protein.
O-GlcNAc proteins:
E9QA16, EF2K, PRDX4, GSTO1, GSH0, DHX15, NOTC2, BCAT2, IMPA1, FHL2, S10A4, ANXA2, RIR1, HS90A, HME2, NUCL, ANXA1, EF1A1, CADH3, CATB, RLA0, H12, FGFR1, TPIS, COF1, VIME, CBX3, IMDH2, FKBP4, PRDX1, CAP1, ALD2, NEDD4, CAPZB, CRKL, LMNA, ROA1, ADT2, KPYM, HMGA2, RL10A, TB182, 1433E, RS3, RS27A, IF5A1, RS12, ACTS, TCPB, SGCG, CDS1, TBB5, XDH, CAPR2, CNN2, FOXO1, NB5R4, PRC2C, MILK2, FUBP2, PRRC1, SRC8, MYL6, VDAC2, VDAC1, RBBP7, ASNS, LAP2A, HCFC1, SERA, TIF1B, NUP62, ABCG1, G3PT, NOP58, TPM4, Q6NVA3, SYNE2, ACTN1, MBB1A, OTUB1, LPP, FLNA, BRI3B, LACC1, SYEP, EIF3B, MATR3, ABLM1, ERF3A, MYH9, CPIN1, WBP11, TRXR3, NPM3, CYBP, GARS, EF1G, CALR3, CP4V2, PUR6, ANM1, DDX21, DEST, CDYL, KHDR2, VAPA, TAGL2, SAE2, TRIP6, TULP1
Species: Mus musculus, Homo sapiens
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