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Wong YK, Wang J, Lim TK, Lin Q, Yap CT, Shen HM. O-GlcNAcylation promotes fatty acid synthase activity under nutritional stress as a pro-survival mechanism in cancer cells. Proteomics 2022 22(9) 35083852
Abstract:
Protein O-GlcNAcylation is a specific form of protein glycosylation that targets a wide range of proteins with important functions. O-GlcNAcylation is known to be deregulated in cancer and has been linked to multiple aspects of cancer pathology. Despite its ubiquity and importance, the current understanding of the role of O-GlcNAcylation in the stress response remains limited. In this study, we performed a quantitative chemical proteomics-based open study of the O-GlcNAcome in HeLa cells, and identified 163 differentially-glycosylated proteins under starvation, involving multiple metabolic pathways. Among them, fatty acid metabolism was found to be targeted and subsequent analysis confirmed that fatty acid synthase (FASN) is O-GlcNAcylated. O-GlcNAcylation led to enhanced de novo fatty acid synthesis (FAS) activity, and fatty acids contributed to the cytoprotective effects of O-GlcNAcylation under starvation. Moreover, dual inhibition of O-GlcNAcylation and FASN displayed a strong synergistic effect in vitro in inducing cell death in cancer cells. Together, the results from this study provide novel insights into the role of O-GlcNAcylation in the nutritional stress response and suggest the potential of combining inhibition of O-GlcNAcylation and FAS in cancer therapy.
O-GlcNAc proteins:
RUXGL, ADAS, DX39A, MYO1C, IPO5, PESC, NOP56, DDX3X, SCD, MGST3, HNRDL, XPO1, SURF4, OGT1, PPM1G, MOT4, DHX15, CYB5B, SERA, HNRPR, BUB3, ACTN4, MYO1B, GANP, HNRPQ, NDUS7, MPU1, H2AY, FLNB, SC22B, SF3B1, U520, UTP20, NU155, ATP5H, RL1D1, MTA2, RTN3, VAPB, IPO7, ACSL3, BAG2, TOM40, LDHA, DHE3, AATM, PGK1, ASSY, LMNA, TFR1, ALDOA, K2C1, G3P, HSPB1, RPN1, AT1A1, ADT2, PCCA, RLA1, RLA0, LA, K1C18, K2C8, ATPB, ENOA, NPM, TPM3, LDHB, PDIA1, ANXA2, TBB5, TRY1, PROF1, SYEP, HS90A, HNRPC, DAF, 4F2, HS90B, ODPA, RU17, VIME, RS17, K2C7, GNAI3, RSSA, LEG1, ROA1, PARP1, PRS56, HS71B, ODP2, THIO, MGST1, CH60, BIP, HSP7C, GTR1, TOP2A, PYC, PABP1, PCNA, ADT3, IMDH2, KCRU, XRCC6, XRCC5, EF2, K1C10, K2C5, PDIA4, PLST, ETFA, MIF, KPYM, ENPL, HNRPL, PLAK, EZRI, NDKA, RS2, DESP, H13, NCPR, AT2A2, DDX5, TCPA, PTN1, ARF4, RL7, RL17, NUCL, GSTM3, FLNA, FBRL, PUR6, UBA1, ROA2, QCR2, SFPQ, PPIB, RS3, SAHH, COF1, MCM3, RS12, ATPA, U2AF2, RL13, S10A4, PTBP1, SYVC, EF1G, STOM, RL10, APEX1, PYR1, CALX, TKT, ERP29, PRDX6, PRDX5, PRDX3, RL12, PDIA3, CPSM, HNRH1, STIP1, L1CAM, PRDX2, P5CR1, DUT, MCM7, GLYM, HSP74, PHB1, RL22, MYH9, SOAT1, DEK, K22E, RL4, LONM, NUP62, GRP75, IF4A3, RL3, RL13A, ARL1, STAT3, MDHM, RFC3, ECHA, SYIC, LAP2A, LPPRC, MATR3, MSH2, GPDM, VDAC2, KI67, BAG6, RL27A, RL5, RS9, STT3A, CAPZB, SYQ, RL29, AT5G3, TCPE, RL34, FAS, TCPG, EFTU, ACADV, TMEDA, NU153, RBP2, CPT1A, SERPH, RL14, TCPQ, TCPD, FXR1, RAB5C, RAB7A, HCFC1, ROA3, 6PGD, HNRPM, IMA1, HNRPF, MSH6, TXTP, ACLY, COPA, MOT1, SYRC, KAD2, P5CS, XPO2, TERA, NP1L1, DSRAD, ATPK, TMM33, TPIS, MYL6, IF4A1, RS20, S10AA, RAP1B, RL15, RL37A, HNRPK, RS8, RS16, 1433E, RS14, RS23, RS11, RUXE, RL7A, RS4X, RS6, H4, RAB1A, RAN, RL23, RS25, RS26, RL10A, RL11, RL8, PPIA, RS27A, RSMN, RACK1, ACTG, UBC9, TBA1B, TBB4B, GTF2I, TCPB, PRKDC, RL24, ARF5, RL19, SRSF3, MPCP, CLH1, HNRPU, SPTB2, EXOSX, RL18A, RL6, IF4G1, K1C17, PRDX1, RL18, C1QBP, KHDR1, DHX9, NCBP1, AHNK, NU160, SF3A3, ILF3, ACACA, PRDX4, CBX3, TIF1B, SPTN1, HNRPD, SAFB2, TTL12, CAPR1, ITPR1, RRP1B, GANAB, LBR, GOGB1, IMB1, NUMA1, SUZ12, U5S1, RRS1, PDIA6, PLEC, TEBP, NONO, PCBP1, PCBP2, DHC24, SF3B3, SF3A1, TRAM1, ELAV1, AAAT, RBBP7, H31T, PDS5A, TSR1, IF2GL, RRP12, NU188, HP1B3, EF1A3, PPR18, PRP8, C1TM, DHX30, CAND1, MISP, SPB1, PELP1, RDH10, CCAR2, TXND5, STT3B, BRX1, PO210, GEMI5, RT27, HS105, GCN1, NU205, AKAP1, AN32B, RBP56, DDX17, FUBP2, TNPO1, UBP7, UTP4, LRC59, PGAM5, FUBP3, MBOA7, MCCA, WRIP1, UHRF1, POP1, HCD2, ROAA, TM9S2, TCPH, ANM1, H2B1L, RNZ2, MEP50, MBB1A, ESYT1, H2AJ, GNL3, HDHD5, GTPB4, API5, RPF2, SFXN1, RDH14, ABCB6, DDX21, MDN1, DCA13, ATD3A, DDX18, MIC19, TEX10, TECR, MYOF, THYN1, HACD3, RRBP1, ABC3B, RLP24, ACINU, OGDHL, COR1C, PRP19, SSRG, TRI33, EIF3L, RUVB1, VDAC3, PDIP2, NOP58, SF3B6, RTCB, RL36, LAS1L, SRPRB, COPG1, MTCH2, CEPT1, ZNT1
Species: Homo sapiens
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Woo CM, Lund PJ, Huang AC, Davis MM, Bertozzi CR, Pitteri SJ. Mapping and Quantification of Over 2000 O-linked Glycopeptides in Activated Human T Cells with Isotope-Targeted Glycoproteomics (Isotag). Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP 2018 17(4) 29351928
Abstract:
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) on proteins often function to regulate signaling cascades, with the activation of T cells during an adaptive immune response being a classic example. Mounting evidence indicates that the modification of proteins by O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc), the only mammalian glycan found on nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins, helps regulate T cell activation. Yet, a mechanistic understanding of how O-GlcNAc functions in T cell activation remains elusive, partly because of the difficulties in mapping and quantifying O-GlcNAc sites. Thus, to advance insight into the role of O-GlcNAc in T cell activation, we performed glycosite mapping studies via direct glycopeptide measurement on resting and activated primary human T cells with a technique termed Isotope Targeted Glycoproteomics. This approach led to the identification of 2219 intact O-linked glycopeptides across 1045 glycoproteins. A significant proportion (>45%) of the identified O-GlcNAc sites lie near or coincide with a known phosphorylation site, supporting the potential for PTM crosstalk. Consistent with other studies, we find that O-GlcNAc sites in T cells lack a strict consensus sequence. To validate our results, we employed gel shift assays based on conjugating mass tags to O-GlcNAc groups. Notably, we observed that the transcription factors c-JUN and JUNB show higher levels of O-GlcNAc glycosylation and higher levels of expression in activated T cells. Overall, our findings provide a quantitative characterization of O-GlcNAc glycoproteins and their corresponding modification sites in primary human T cells, which will facilitate mechanistic studies into the function of O-GlcNAc in T cell activation.
O-GlcNAc proteins:
UBA6, ESYT2, HACL2, DEND3, SBNO1, XIRP2, CNOT1, PINLY, MT21E, SWAHB, P121B, TCAF2, MET15, F177B, P121C, GNAT3, MYO1G, SPT5H, TAF4, PK3CD, DNM1L, P3C2A, BT3A1, PSDE, BIN1, PITM1, DDX3X, RNT2, ARI1A, NCKP5, TRAD1, RHG33, ABLM1, KMT2D, IFIT3, HGS, MYPT1, S27A2, GAK, SC16A, SET1A, KDM6B, ARHGB, FYB1, ATX7, SHIP2, EIF3D, EIF3H, TOX3, NUP42, MEFV, DHX15, ZZEF1, PHF1, ZW10, PRPF3, TPD54, EMC8, SYNJ1, IF4G3, E41L2, WIPF1, LAT, OX1R, PLRG1, ZN207, ST1B1, LANC1, AKAP8, PLIN1, ZN292, AQR, GANP, HBP1, LY75, OGA, DIAP1, MAFK, HCN1, CCD22, BRD4, PP1RB, ABCB7, KI21B, LRP4, N4BP1, CPNE3, OBSL1, BRE1B, CAND2, T22D2, PP6R2, ANR17, H2AY, FLNB, NCOR1, PR40A, LRCH4, MPPB, PSIP1, NDUS3, KS6A5, MYCB2, U520, CCNK, CBPD, CYTF, LTN1, TOX4, PHF14, SUN1, PCF11, FRYL, TRI37, SC31A, CE152, AGFG2, SCAF4, SPN1, RTN3, APOL3, ATE1, CELF2, 6PGL, IPO7, CD2B2, ABCA1, SC24A, SC24B, PCNT, CNOT4, HERC2, HS74L, RIGI, M4K4, AIFM1, TXD12, LDHA, COX1, A1AT, FOS, LDLR, LMNA, ALBU, CYTB, GCR, HG2A, K2C1, G3P, HLAA, CPNS1, RPN1, RPN2, GNAI2, AT1A1, RLA2, JUN, ATPB, CD2, NPM, ANXA2, SYEP, TSP1, SP1, ANXA6, MDR1, HS90B, INHBA, ODPA, PTPRC, RU2B, HCK, VIME, GNAI3, ADA2A, HMGB1, ROA1, LKHA4, DERPC, F231L, GLI2, GRAB, RO60, RARB, HSP7C, EGR2, ODPB, LAMP1, SRF, FA5, IMDH2, TPR, SKI, ACTN1, K1C10, CEAM1, PLSL, GLU2B, HCLS1, PO2F1, RAC2, ATF2, FOSL2, PGCA, LEUK, CREB1, GDC, PECA1, MGMT, ZNF25, JUNB, UBF1, JUND, ATF7, PTN2, DDX5, EGR1, PTPRA, SON, RCC1, ATF1, ML12A, PLCG1, NUCL, NFKB1, LMNB1, CAN3, HNF1A, FLNA, TNAP3, PIMT, UBA1, ROA2, RFX1, CBL, QCR2, MAOM, SP100, NFYA, IF4B, AT2B4, RPB1, BRD2, ATPA, DDX6, PTBP1, ARNT, RFA1, APEX1, PYR1, CALR, MAP4, ERCC5, PTN6, SPB3, PDIA3, 2AAA, HLAF, HMOX2, CLIP1, RPB2, COR1A, ZEP2, HNRH3, HNRH1, STIP1, ELF1, KINH, LSP1, PHB1, PTN7, RFC4, MYH9, MYH10, COPB2, ACTN2, SOAT1, ADDA, FUS, NU214, ATP7B, MYH11, GLRX1, PPM1A, K22E, MP2K2, NUP62, GRP75, IF4A3, COIA1, STAT3, MDHM, ECHA, IF2G, PERI, ELK3, LAP2A, LAP2B, STAT1, RHG25, DPP6, HD, MATR3, GPDM, ZAP70, TNR4, VDAC2, MP2K4, NOP2, NOTC1, UTRN, IQGA1, STT3A, NPBW1, COPD, AGRE5, NASP, FAS, EFTU, CENPF, MA2A2, YLPM1, CLK1, NU153, RBP2, TAF6, GUAA, IDH3A, EMD, LRBA, AT1A2, MECP2, HCFC1, CCR3, KS6A3, LUM, ROA3, GDIR2, AGFG1, STAT2, TF2AA, CAZA1, NUP98, FOSB, SUCA, COPA, ITA8, SC24C, ATX1, UBP14, RD23B, EPHB3, AF17, CASP6, DSRAD, PSA, TPIS, SC61B, ACTB, ARF3, HNRPK, RS16, ACTA, GBB1, PPIA, RS27A, AP2B1, 1433Z, IF5A1, RACK1, ACTG, ACTS, TBA1B, TBA4A, PHC1, PRKDC, BTG2, SSBP2, ATL3, TXN4A, FOXK1, RHG04, NFKB2, SPTB2, FOXK2, RUNX1, AMPD2, CAP1, FLI1, OTUD4, PFKAP, SATB1, EWS, MEF2A, SP2, RHAG, SP4, SP3, RL18A, NUCB1, DYST, CREM, KMT2A, TF65, IF4G1, TLE3, TLE4, REL, UBE3A, GABPA, GABP1, CD69, ZO1, TLE5, DHX9, GOGA3, SLFN5, S38AB, RBBP4, NCBP1, AHNK, MN1, FOXO1, TBL3, TF3C1, AKP13, BPTF, NFIA, CHD3, TP53B, ANK3, PP1R8, AKAP6, ROA0, PAK2, TBX2, M3K1, ATM, DC1I2, IKZF1, TCOF, ROCK1, NFAC2, SMAD4, PICAL, PRP4B, SNW1, IQGA2, MTMR1, MTMR3, CUL4A, CUL4B, RUNX3, NFYC, KGP1, CDK13, IL16, CKAP5, CO4A6, VEZF1, MORC3, UBP2L, SCRIB, GIT2, DYHC1, ELOA1, FLNC, CAPR1, CASL, SCN5A, SEM3A, ITPR2, PLSI, LAGE3, PUM1, EPN4, RRP1B, NCOA6, LBR, STAT4, MEF2D, LASP1, NUMA1, GAPD1, SPCS2, SUZ12, ACAP1, R3HD1, SYK, ARHG6, ACAP2, BRD3, PLEC, L2GL1, EPHA7, SF3B3, RYR3, TAF5, MARE2, TSN, SF01, MED1, JHD2C, T22D1, ELF2, NAB2, TAB1, SPEG, USF2, ZFHX3, ZYX, SEPT7, ADRM1, PKN1, DDB1, TAF9, OBF1, NRF1, PTPRO, ZN827, EX3L4, HNRL2, AAK1, CCD57, QRIC1, PRTG, CEA16, TM249, FR1L6, LRRF1, EMAL3, UAP1L, GON4L, LARP7, EPC2, CRTC2, PAR10, TYW2, RHG15, H90B3, BCORL, ZN831, TGO1, DOC11, PRC2B, TOIP1, CEP78, CD158, TDIF2, KMCP1, ZN362, FKB15, ZEP3, ODAD2, MPP7, LRIF1, UBR4, UBAP2, GNTK, RBM26, CE350, RPRD2, AGAP9, MYOME, TASO2, RN213, GL8D1, PDPK2, BICRL, OTU7B, RGPA1, TWF2, SDE2, NIPBL, LIN54, ZN544, PPR18, ZCHC8, CDC73, ARMX5, SCYL2, NFRKB, LMOD2, LEG1H, TMM81, PDXD1, RSBNL, MDEAS, ZC3HE, LARP1, SCND3, POTEE, ZN322, ANR11, SPIT4, AFTIN, FIP1, CRTC3, MCAF1, PACS1, BCOR, DJC14, DG2L6, LR74B, OTOG, RHG36, YJ005, RHG27, TMTC3, UN13D, HAKAI, NOL8, HECW1, SPT6H, SND1, KDM3B, S26A9, DYM, PRS41, APTX, ZCCHV, SETX, NUP54, GLUCM, POGZ, MYH14, NUFP2, MAVS, HDGR2, EMSY, I2BP2, AB12B, DHB13, CMKMT, SRGP1, RBBP6, RHG30, NRARP, TCPR1, HUWE1, YTHD3, CENPV, ATL2, YRDC, GPAT4, ZFHX4, ABCAD, BCL9L, KIF27, LRRT3, IQGA3, VS10L, CEP57, FRAS1, CACL1, P66A, I2BP1, CRLF3, CRERF, DYH10, GID4, ARI3B, WDR75, MGAP, ANKH1, SUGP1, SUGP2, CCAR1, BAP18, PLPL6, CMIP, TIGD4, YAF2, IHO1, SRRM1, FANCM, CC116, A16A1, DCP1B, PELP1, WDFY3, ABCA7, LGI4, NUP93, LRC47, ABD12, FNBP4, GALT4, RN175, CARME, AF1L2, TAB3, CPSF7, EFNMT, MAGB6, LRTM2, KRI1, TTC29, POC5, LR75A, S43A3, SUMF2, NETO2, NF2IP, LS14A, MISSL, CA131, TNR6A, PHC3, SRFB1, SP20H, VP37A, PCAT1, DOCK8, SYNE1, ARI1B, ENASE, TET1, MYRIP, OR6K3, CFA61, THOC2, WDR36, GABP2, MARH1, ALMS1, PREX1, PKHO2, DYH3, DSCL1, DTX3L, NETO1, NEK7, MICA1, ATS18, RN128, SNX29, SMCR8, ZN384, HASP, SMAP2, SCFD1, LMO7, ATX2L, PHIP, RUFY2, CSKI1, MADD, AGRV1, SYNE2, MUC16, P66B, AUTS2, BBX, TITIN, CTTB2, GBF1, SMG7, SNX19, PHF3, HS105, ZN592, HMHA1, TFG, TAF4B, CBP, KAT6A, SYMPK, SHIP1, DDX17, TANK, RAD50, CELF1, SMRD2, RAB8B, FUBP2, DVL3, LPP, TATD2, AT2A3, MRTFA, PLPL2, SH3K1, PF21A, DOC10, INT12, ACSF2, GCP3, SLAF6, RSPRY, MTEF3, SIR1, THA11, GLT14, CERS2, SYMM, PDLI5, FUBP3, PP16A, COG3, VCIP1, CHAP1, PDLI2, ANCHR, UBP47, Z512B, ZFR, EP400, CNO6L, CA074, PRRC1, ZN512, CNT3B, LRRC7, ARAP1, AGRA2, INP4A, RBM14, NED4L, LENG8, TRNT1, MCCA, PCX1, CCNL2, SIN3A, SEBP2, MINT, HTF4, CDC5L, EYA3, LGMN, MNT, SCAFB, TTC1, OSMR, ATX2, METH, ACON, CPNE1, TBA1C, MBB1A, GPTC1, ERP44, ESYT1, CCM2, FUZZY, DIDO1, MCMBP, CABL2, NDC1, PAXX, HNRL1, NUP58, RIOK2, THIC, RBM4, NADAP, SSBP3, NAA15, AP1M1, M10L1, YTHD1, BACH2, PANK2, PC11Y, ASPC1, UCK2, TRI31, UNK, FTO, AMRA1, CE295, DRC3, SP130, BRD8, CSTFT, ZCPW1, LMA2L, CK054, SLIK2, CSRN2, I2BPL, VPS16, EPC1, ADNP, IPYR2, FOXP1, PTN23, WNK1, AMPB, E41L1, GSX1, ELOV6, CH033, VISTA, SFR19, GORS2, LN28A, MLXIP, GBB4, PKHA1, RISC, TAF9B, MRM3, ZBT20, NCOA5, TANC2, TNR6C, CHD8, AT131, VTA1, SYSM, UBN1, DCP1A, KI13B, PRD10, XPP1, PDLI7, DDX21, MBNL1, SIR7, TULP4, ABCBA, LATS2, UBQL4, THSD1, CENPM, PDS5B, RBM12, MED9, SLTM, MIC19, NSMA3, THUM1, CARF, SNTG2, MTMR4, TE2IP, TAB2, CDK12, GGA3, ITSN2, BICRA, CNOT2, TMOD2, THYN1, PDP1, VAPA, TEN3, CHD7, DYH1, SYLC, KLH42, KANL3, RERE, HDC, TRPC4, MALT1, ADDG, TCF20, NDRG3, SUN2, NDOR1, UBQL2, S30BP, RPGFL, AGRE2, NRBP, BAZ2A, HOOK1, S2513, TASOR, AKA11, GMEB2, PARP4, C8AP2, IKZF2, ACINU, CNO11, AT7L1, K1210, YETS2, HECD1, NOTC3, PRP19, UBQL1, FAF1, PPIE, DIM1, MACF1, SCAF8, SET1B, JIP3, ZC3H4, SRRM2, CLCA2, SMC3, ZN148, MTMR6, ENTP4, SAC2, MAST1, FYV1, WDR37, TR150, ZN281, FBX7, 3BP1, OR2W1, NOC2L, SAMH1, DMXL1, ARIP4, MTCL1, RIPR2, PKHM1, RPGF2, CRBG1, PRC2C, YTHD2, SP16H, ANGL3, PCDG3, SNX13, NUBP2, NCOR2, COPG1, GMEB1, DC1L1, ROBO1, NCOA3, M3K4, PCLO, CAN7, SCC4, ZHX2, S23IP
Species: Homo sapiens
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