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Xu S, Zheng J, Xiao H, Wu R. Simultaneously Identifying and Distinguishing Glycoproteins with O-GlcNAc and O-GalNAc (the Tn Antigen) in Human Cancer Cells. Analytical chemistry 2022 94(7) 35132862
Abstract:
Glycoproteins with diverse glycans are essential to human cells, and subtle differences in glycan structures may result in entirely different functions. One typical example is proteins modified with O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) and O-linked α-N-acetylgalactosamine (O-GalNAc) (the Tn antigen), in which the two glycans have very similar structures and identical chemical compositions, making them extraordinarily challenging to be distinguished. Here, we developed an effective method benefiting from selective enrichment and the enzymatic specificity to simultaneously identify and distinguish glycoproteins with O-GlcNAc and O-GalNAc. Metabolic labeling was combined with bioorthogonal chemistry for enriching glycoproteins modified with O-GlcNAc and O-GalNAc. Then, the enzymatic reaction with galactose oxidase was utilized to specifically oxidize O-GalNAc, but not O-GlcNAc, generating the different tags between glycopeptides with O-GlcNAc and O-GalNAc that can be easily distinguishable by mass spectrometry (MS). Among O-GlcNAcylated proteins commonly identified in three types of human cells, those related to transcription and RNA binding are highly enriched. Cell-specific features are also revealed. Among glycoproteins exclusively in Jurkat cells, those involved in human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection are overrepresented, which is consistent with the cell line source and suggests that protein O-GlcNAcylation participated in the response to the virus infection. Furthermore, glycoproteins with the Tn antigen have different subcellular distributions in different cells, which may be attributed to the distinct mechanisms for the formation of protein O-GalNAcylation.
O-GlcNAc proteins:
RBM47, E2F8, SBNO1, CNOT1, HMX3, ABTB3, RHG32, P121C, PDLI1, SNP23, PSMD9, TAF4, ARI1A, ABLM1, STX16, HGS, MYPT1, SC16A, SR140, SET1A, FYB1, TIF1A, PPM1G, SHIP2, EIF3D, NUP42, KDM6A, TET3, SI1L1, DC1L2, HNRPR, PRPF3, TPD54, E41L2, ZN207, BUB3, AKAP8, ZNRD2, MYPT2, GANP, HNRPQ, DIAP1, PLIN3, MAFK, TBL1X, MITF, N4BP1, ZC11A, T22D2, PP6R2, ANR17, BCAS1, NCOR1, SPAG7, TIPRL, SPF30, TOX4, TOX, PCF11, AGFG2, ZFPL1, KIF4A, SC24A, SC24B, CNOT4, ASML, M4K4, BPNT1, PX11B, CHK2, LMNA, GLPA, TFR1, ALDOA, GCR, HSPB1, GNAI2, RLA1, RLA2, RLA0, K1C18, K2C8, RB, CATD, SYEP, PTPRC, VIME, GSTP1, HMGB1, ROA1, ATX1L, DERPC, ZN865, TPR, LAMP2, EF2, PLSL, PLST, GLU2B, HCLS1, PO2F1, RAC2, ATF2, ZEP1, TFE2, MUC1, CREB1, JUNB, ATF7, PTN2, DDX5, SON, ATF1, CSK22, NFKB1, FLNA, PUR2, RFX1, CBL, COF1, PTBP1, ARNT, DCK, PYR1, MAP4, CALX, 3MG, PRDX6, CDC27, AMRP, CLIP1, ZEP2, HNRH1, 1433S, ELF1, LSP1, PTN7, IRS1, ADDA, NU214, CUX1, TXLNA, MLH1, ECHA, IF2G, HNF4A, LAP2B, GPDM, RANG, KI67, CRKL, CAPZB, RFX5, SOX2, CAMLG, NASP, FAS, CDK8, SRP09, YLPM1, NU153, RBP2, TAF6, EMD, LRBA, PAPOA, HCFC1, HDGF, AGFG1, HNRPF, HXK2, NUP98, ATX1, RD23B, AF10, AF17, DSRAD, FOXA1, HNRH2, NU107, TPIS, PSME3, TPM4, F193A, GTF2I, PHC1, PRKDC, MAP1A, SARNP, FOXK1, FBLN2, FAM3A, EM55, NFKB2, HNRPU, SPTB2, FOXK2, RUNX1, FLI1, SATB1, SP2, MP2K1, NUCB1, KMT2A, IF4G1, TLE3, TLE4, KPCT, PSME1, GABPA, PRDX1, ACK1, AHNK, IFFO1, GALT2, SRBP2, TROAP, BPTF, TP53B, CBX3, NFAC2, PICAL, CUL4B, ASPP2, NFYC, CDK13, VEZF1, UBP2L, SRC8, CAPR1, LAGE3, PUM1, MDC1, EPN4, RRP1B, NCOA6, GSE1, UBP10, 2A5D, MEF2D, LASP1, NUMA1, CND1, TEBP, PCBP1, RBMS2, SF3A1, TSN, SF01, MED1, TRIP6, ELF2, TAB1, ZFHX3, ZYX, ADRM1, DPYL2, TAF9, MAPK3, CSPP1, PDS5A, QSER1, AAK1, LRRF1, VP26B, ACSF3, TPRN, CRTC2, PAN3, YIF1B, PRC2B, CEP78, ZN362, FKB15, LRIF1, CAF17, UBAP2, NT5D1, AHDC1, LYRM7, RPRD2, ZN318, TASO2, TBC9B, ARID2, C19L1, ABLM2, TWF2, GRHL2, CPZIP, NIPBL, LIN54, ZCHC8, C2D1A, SCYL2, NFRKB, RSBNL, MDEAS, ZC3HE, LARP1, SAMD1, FIP1, CRTC3, SAS6, MCAF1, BCOR, GGYF2, NBEL2, CO039, SRCAP, UBN2, TM1L2, ASXL2, SPT6H, MEPCE, BOP, KDM3B, ERMP1, TRM1L, ZCCHV, KANL1, POGZ, ZFY16, NUFP2, MAVS, EMSY, RAI1, I2BP2, SRGP1, RHG30, SH3R1, HUWE1, YTHD3, GALT7, LYRIC, BCL9L, CASZ1, TSYL5, DDX42, CACL1, P66A, I2BP1, VRK3, FOXP4, ARI3B, TEX2, MGAP, ANKH1, SUGP1, MILK2, ERF3B, K2013, PHAR4, XRN1, ZN687, FNBP4, ARFG1, ENAH, NHLC2, AVL9, XXLT1, GOLM1, TXND5, SERB1, CHSTE, SLAI1, TNR6A, PHC3, SP20H, VP37A, KMT2C, ARI1B, KNL1, NEDD1, ALMS1, PREX1, DLG5, GEMI5, PIGO, UBS3B, WIPF2, FRS2, PDC6I, ZFN2B, TPC12, SEN15, PCNP, LMO7, ATX2L, CSKI2, PSPC1, P66B, GBF1, SMG7, RTF1, TOPB1, PHF3, MAML1, TTC9A, PRCC, RREB1, CBP, DDX17, SEM4D, ARHG1, GPKOW, FUBP2, LPP, TTC28, PF21A, FAF2, ESS2, EDC3, A7L3B, P121A, PDLI5, FUBP3, VCIP1, PDLI2, Z512B, ZFR, EP400, PRRC1, NOL4L, RBM14, PURB, NACC1, CIC, MED15, NUDC1, SIN3A, AEDO, MINT, HTF4, CNN2, RGPD5, ATX2, HCD2, S29A1, ARI3A, SH3G1, TRIR, DPH2, MGME1, ERP44, ESYT1, CCM2, CNPY3, WAC, DIDO1, HGH1, MMTA2, PAXX, NTM1A, RBM4, SGPP1, HEMGN, HDHD5, YTHD1, FTO, CEP44, BC11B, PITH1, SP130, BRD8, RGAP1, I2BPL, ADNP, DHX36, FOXP1, CENPH, WNK1, E41L1, ZHX3, YTDC2, RANB3, PHAX, ECT2, CNO10, MLXIP, PKHA5, PKHA1, RC3H2, LY9, RDH14, TAF9B, NCOA5, TANC2, TNR6C, CHD8, SDF2L, ARFG3, UBN1, RTN4, PDLI7, CHSTC, STRN4, PNO1, BMP2K, RBM12, STAU2, TXLNG, PNPO, CARF, TAB2, TMOD3, CDK12, F120A, HPBP1, ITSN2, CNOT2, CHMP5, VAPA, CAMP3, RBM27, KANL3, RERE, ZN219, SE1L1, STAP2, LIMD1, TCF20, SEPT9, UBQL2, TRPS1, S30BP, NRBP, EI2BD, SIX4, APC7, TASOR, GMEB2, PARP4, MA1B1, ACINU, ZHX1, CDV3, MRTFB, ZBT21, YETS2, HECD1, ZMYD8, SCAF8, PP6R1, TRI33, TNR6B, ZC3H4, SHAN2, SRRM2, CTND2, SCML2, ZN148, T3JAM, VDAC3, AKAP2, DDX52, NOP58, GIT1, ZN281, SIT1, SALL2, ARIP4, CRBG1, HYOU1, KLF12, PRC2C, YTHD2, CD2AP, TNPO3, SRPRB, TSSC4, NUBP2, HCFC2, FHOD1, NCOR2, GMEB1, NCOA3, S23IP
Species: Homo sapiens
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Hao Y, Fan X, Shi Y, Zhang C, Sun DE, Qin K, Qin W, Zhou W, Chen X. Next-generation unnatural monosaccharides reveal that ESRRB O-GlcNAcylation regulates pluripotency of mouse embryonic stem cells. Nature communications 2019 10(1) 31492838
Abstract:
Unnatural monosaccharides such as azidosugars that can be metabolically incorporated into cellular glycans are currently used as a major tool for glycan imaging and glycoproteomic profiling. As a common practice to enhance membrane permeability and cellular uptake, the unnatural sugars are per-O-acetylated, which, however, can induce a long-overlooked side reaction, non-enzymatic S-glycosylation. Herein, we develop 1,3-di-esterified N-azidoacetylgalactosamine (GalNAz) as next-generation chemical reporters for metabolic glycan labeling. Both 1,3-di-O-acetylated GalNAz (1,3-Ac2GalNAz) and 1,3-di-O-propionylated GalNAz (1,3-Pr2GalNAz) exhibit high efficiency for labeling protein O-GlcNAcylation with no artificial S-glycosylation. Applying 1,3-Pr2GalNAz in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs), we identify ESRRB, a critical transcription factor for pluripotency, as an O-GlcNAcylated protein. We show that ESRRB O-GlcNAcylation is important for mESC self-renewal and pluripotency. Mechanistically, ESRRB is O-GlcNAcylated by O-GlcNAc transferase at serine 25, which stabilizes ESRRB, promotes its transcription activity and facilitates its interactions with two master pluripotency regulators, OCT4 and NANOG.
O-GlcNAc proteins:
A0A087X1C1, A0A0B4J203, A0A0C4DFX4, SRCRL, SBNO1, CNOT1, IQCAL, RGPD3, LRIQ3, P121C, YU005, H0YHG0, H3BMQ9, H8Y6P7, I3L521, PDLI1, TAF4, P3C2A, DDX3X, NFIB, ARI1A, ABLM1, KMT2D, ZN197, RGPD8, MYPT1, ZN609, ZN646, SET1A, SYNEM, ZN185, NUP42, SI1L1, TGFI1, VIP2, M3K7, TPD54, SYNJ1, IF4G3, WIPF1, SMAD6, MYPT2, PLIN3, MAFK, N4BP1, ANR17, NCOR1, GGYF1, PRDM1, STAM2, TOX4, AGFG2, UNC5C, VENTX, SC24B, PCNT, ZBT11, CNOT4, BAG3, TXD12, TTLL1, APCL, NSD2, EGFR, IGF2, CRYAB, LMNA, ALDOA, GCR, HSPB1, PCCA, RLA2, JUN, HEP2, K1C18, ANXA2, ADRB2, NFIC, VIME, 5HT1A, SNRPA, ROA1, CO4B, ATX1L, FMAS1, GRL1A, DERPC, C1C1L, GLI2, TPR, GYS1, MYL6B, PO2F1, ATF2, ZEP1, RS2, ITB4, JUNB, JUND, ATF7, SON, ATF1, NEBU, CSRP1, NF1, ROA2, RFX1, CBL, COF1, IF4B, ARNT, MAP4, CALX, TEAD1, PDIA3, CDC27, CLIP1, ZEP2, ELF1, TTK, PCKGC, ADDA, NU214, MP2K2, NUP62, VKGC, VATA, CUX1, TXLNA, PBX2, HELZ, UTRN, RFX5, PAXI, NR2C2, NASP, CENPF, YLPM1, NU153, RBP2, TAF6, EMD, PAPOA, HCFC1, AGFG1, NUP98, ATX1, MYOM2, AF10, AF17, DSRAD, NU107, RL8, F193A, PITX1, PHC1, KGD4, SARNP, FOXK1, HTD2, DAB2, RHG04, VIGLN, HNRPU, SPTB2, SCN7A, FOXK2, EWS, MEF2A, SP2, NUCB1, IF4G1, NOTC2, TLE3, TLE4, NMDZ1, GABPA, ZO1, ACK1, CACB2, EP300, AHNK, MGAT2, GALT2, FOXO1, SNF5, BPTF, NFIA, DPYD, TP53B, ZN155, FOXC1, AKAP6, ROA0, GPS2, G3BP1, KCAB2, PABP4, PLD1, PICAL, MAMD1, RIPK1, SNW1, MTMR1, CUL4B, ASPP2, NFYC, CDK13, TOB2, DAG1, VEZF1, DSG2, UBP2L, GIT2, SRC8, MDC1, EPN4, RRP1B, NCOA6, GSE1, MEF2D, ARI5B, NUMA1, PSME4, SART3, KIF14, BRD3, EBP, PLEC, RBMS2, TAF1C, SF01, MED1, JHD2C, MARE1, ELF2, TAB1, ZFHX3, ZYX, ADRM1, TAF9, RFX7, QSER1, QRIC1, ZN800, LR75B, EPC2, CRTC2, YIF1B, ZN326, K2026, PRC2B, SYAM, CE170, NHSL1, ZN362, ZEP3, LRIF1, UBR4, SKT, RHG21, UBAP2, RBM26, RC3H1, VP13D, RPRD2, ZN318, TASO2, TTC23, ERR2, KAZRN, ARID2, RHG17, ANR40, BICRL, NIPBL, LIN54, NFRKB, ZN449, RSBNL, MDEAS, ZC3HE, CRTC3, SAS6, MCAF1, BCOR, MPRIP, GGYF2, BNC2, FGD5, CO039, SRCAP, YJ005, UBN2, RAPH1, UBP54, PREX2, HAKAI, ASXL2, SPT6H, KDM3B, ZCCHV, RGPD4, POGZ, SZRD1, MAVS, EMSY, RAI1, I2BP2, SRGP1, SH3R1, YTHD3, STRA8, MYPN, TLK2, ZFHX4, BCL9L, IQCH, SNX32, PRSR1, MEX3D, DDX42, CACL1, P66A, CC125, KCC1D, HID1, AHNK2, FOXP4, NAV2, MGAP, RP1L1, PHF6, ANKH1, SUGP1, CCAR1, RPAP2, MILK2, EFC13, PHAR4, XRN1, TBC3A, TENS4, SPART, NUP93, ZN687, SYNPO, FNBP4, TAB3, CPSF7, ARFG1, ENAH, XXLT1, CHSTE, TNR6A, PHC3, SP20H, NAV1, VP37A, KMT2C, ARI1B, NUP35, TDRD7, NEDD1, PUM2, ALMS1, DLG5, ZN384, WIPF2, FRS2, F222B, SMAP2, IASPP, ZFN2B, TWST2, PCNP, LMO7, ATX2L, STAB2, PALLD, CSKI2, SRS12, P66B, BBX, SMG7, RTF1, PHF3, MAML1, LAR4B, PRP16, PRCC, CBP, EVPL, DDX17, GPKOW, FUBP2, LPP, FUBP1, TTC28, PF21A, KLH29, RBM33, MMAB, EF2KT, GWL, P121A, PDLI5, INT4,