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Li J, Ahmad M, Sang L, Zhan Y, Wang Y, Yan Y, Liu Y, Mi W, Lu M, Dai Y, Zhang R, Dong MQ, Yang YG, Wang X, Sun J, Li J. O-GlcNAcylation promotes the cytosolic localization of the m(6)A reader YTHDF1 and colorectal cancer tumorigenesis. The Journal of biological chemistry 2023 37086786
Abstract:
O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is an emerging post-translation modification that couples metabolism with cellular signal transduction by crosstalk with phosphorylation and ubiquitination to orchestrate various biological processes. The mechanisms underlying the involvement of O-GlcNAc modifications in N6-methyladenosine (m6A) regulation are not fully characterized. Herein we show that O-GlcNAc modifies the m6A mRNA reader YTHDF1 and fine-tunes its nuclear translocation by the exportin protein Crm1. First we present evidence that YTHDF1 interacts with the sole O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT). Second, we verified Ser196/Ser197/Ser198 as the YTHDF1 O-GlcNAcylation sites, as described in numerous chemoproteomic studies. Then we constructed the O-GlcNAc-deficient YTHDF1-S196A/S197F/S198A (AFA) mutant, which significantly attenuated O-GlcNAc signals. Moreover, we revealed that YTHDF1 is a nucleocytoplasmic protein, whose nuclear export is mediated by Crm1. Furthermore, O-GlcNAcylation increases the cytosolic portion of YTHDF1 by enhancing binding with Crm1, thus upregulating downstream target (e.g. c-Myc) expression. Molecular dynamics simulations suggest that O-GlcNAcylation at S197 promotes the binding between the nuclear export signal motif and Crm1 through increasing hydrogen bonding. Mouse xenograft assays further demonstrate that YTHDF1-AFA mutants decreased the colon cancer mass and size via decreasing c-Myc expression. In sum, we found that YTHDF1 is a nucleocytoplasmic protein, whose cytosolic localization is dependent on O-GlcNAc modification. We propose that the OGT-YTHDF1-c-Myc axis underlies colorectal cancer tumorigenesis.
O-GlcNAc proteins:
YTHD1
Species: Homo sapiens
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Xu S, Zheng J, Xiao H, Wu R. Simultaneously Identifying and Distinguishing Glycoproteins with O-GlcNAc and O-GalNAc (the Tn Antigen) in Human Cancer Cells. Analytical chemistry 2022 94(7) 35132862
Abstract:
Glycoproteins with diverse glycans are essential to human cells, and subtle differences in glycan structures may result in entirely different functions. One typical example is proteins modified with O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) and O-linked α-N-acetylgalactosamine (O-GalNAc) (the Tn antigen), in which the two glycans have very similar structures and identical chemical compositions, making them extraordinarily challenging to be distinguished. Here, we developed an effective method benefiting from selective enrichment and the enzymatic specificity to simultaneously identify and distinguish glycoproteins with O-GlcNAc and O-GalNAc. Metabolic labeling was combined with bioorthogonal chemistry for enriching glycoproteins modified with O-GlcNAc and O-GalNAc. Then, the enzymatic reaction with galactose oxidase was utilized to specifically oxidize O-GalNAc, but not O-GlcNAc, generating the different tags between glycopeptides with O-GlcNAc and O-GalNAc that can be easily distinguishable by mass spectrometry (MS). Among O-GlcNAcylated proteins commonly identified in three types of human cells, those related to transcription and RNA binding are highly enriched. Cell-specific features are also revealed. Among glycoproteins exclusively in Jurkat cells, those involved in human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection are overrepresented, which is consistent with the cell line source and suggests that protein O-GlcNAcylation participated in the response to the virus infection. Furthermore, glycoproteins with the Tn antigen have different subcellular distributions in different cells, which may be attributed to the distinct mechanisms for the formation of protein O-GalNAcylation.
O-GlcNAc proteins:
RBM47, E2F8, SBNO1, CNOT1, HMX3, ABTB3, RHG32, P121C, PDLI1, SNP23, PSMD9, TAF4, ARI1A, ABLM1, STX16, HGS, MYPT1, SC16A, SR140, SET1A, FYB1, TIF1A, PPM1G, SHIP2, EIF3D, NUP42, KDM6A, TET3, SI1L1, DC1L2, HNRPR, PRPF3, TPD54, E41L2, ZN207, BUB3, AKAP8, ZNRD2, MYPT2, GANP, HNRPQ, DIAP1, PLIN3, MAFK, TBL1X, MITF, N4BP1, ZC11A, T22D2, PP6R2, ANR17, BCAS1, NCOR1, SPAG7, TIPRL, SPF30, TOX4, TOX, PCF11, AGFG2, ZFPL1, KIF4A, SC24A, SC24B, CNOT4, ASML, M4K4, BPNT1, PX11B, CHK2, LMNA, GLPA, TFR1, ALDOA, GCR, HSPB1, GNAI2, RLA1, RLA2, RLA0, K1C18, K2C8, RB, CATD, SYEP, PTPRC, VIME, GSTP1, HMGB1, ROA1, ATX1L, DERPC, ZN865, TPR, LAMP2, EF2, PLSL, PLST, GLU2B, HCLS1, PO2F1, RAC2, ATF2, ZEP1, TFE2, MUC1, CREB1, JUNB, ATF7, PTN2, DDX5, SON, ATF1, CSK22, NFKB1, FLNA, PUR2, RFX1, CBL, COF1, PTBP1, ARNT, DCK, PYR1, MAP4, CALX, 3MG, PRDX6, CDC27, AMRP, CLIP1, ZEP2, HNRH1, 1433S, ELF1, LSP1, PTN7, IRS1, ADDA, NU214, CUX1, TXLNA, MLH1, ECHA, IF2G, HNF4A, LAP2B, GPDM, RANG, KI67, CRKL, CAPZB, RFX5, SOX2, CAMLG, NASP, FAS, CDK8, SRP09, YLPM1, NU153, RBP2, TAF6, EMD, LRBA, PAPOA, HCFC1, HDGF, AGFG1, HNRPF, HXK2, NUP98, ATX1, RD23B, AF10, AF17, DSRAD, FOXA1, HNRH2, NU107, TPIS, PSME3, TPM4, F193A, GTF2I, PHC1, PRKDC, MAP1A, SARNP, FOXK1, FBLN2, FAM3A, EM55, NFKB2, HNRPU, SPTB2, FOXK2, RUNX1, FLI1, SATB1, SP2, MP2K1, NUCB1, KMT2A, IF4G1, TLE3, TLE4, KPCT, PSME1, GABPA, PRDX1, ACK1, AHNK, IFFO1, GALT2, SRBP2, TROAP, BPTF, TP53B, CBX3, NFAC2, PICAL, CUL4B, ASPP2, NFYC, CDK13, VEZF1, UBP2L, SRC8, CAPR1, LAGE3, PUM1, MDC1, EPN4, RRP1B, NCOA6, GSE1, UBP10, 2A5D, MEF2D, LASP1, NUMA1, CND1, TEBP, PCBP1, RBMS2, SF3A1, TSN, SF01, MED1, TRIP6, ELF2, TAB1, ZFHX3, ZYX, ADRM1, DPYL2, TAF9, MAPK3, CSPP1, PDS5A, QSER1, AAK1, LRRF1, VP26B, ACSF3, TPRN, CRTC2, PAN3, YIF1B, PRC2B, CEP78, ZN362, FKB15, LRIF1, CAF17, UBAP2, NT5D1, AHDC1, LYRM7, RPRD2, ZN318, TASO2, TBC9B, ARID2, C19L1, ABLM2, TWF2, GRHL2, CPZIP, NIPBL, LIN54, ZCHC8, C2D1A, SCYL2, NFRKB, RSBNL, MDEAS, ZC3HE, LARP1, SAMD1, FIP1, CRTC3, SAS6, MCAF1, BCOR, GGYF2, NBEL2, CO039, SRCAP, UBN2, TM1L2, ASXL2, SPT6H, MEPCE, BOP, KDM3B, ERMP1, TRM1L, ZCCHV, KANL1, POGZ, ZFY16, NUFP2, MAVS, EMSY, RAI1, I2BP2, SRGP1, RHG30, SH3R1, HUWE1, YTHD3, GALT7, LYRIC, BCL9L, CASZ1, TSYL5, DDX42, CACL1, P66A, I2BP1, VRK3, FOXP4, ARI3B, TEX2, MGAP, ANKH1, SUGP1, MILK2, ERF3B, K2013, PHAR4, XRN1, ZN687, FNBP4, ARFG1, ENAH, NHLC2, AVL9, XXLT1, GOLM1, TXND5, SERB1, CHSTE, SLAI1, TNR6A, PHC3, SP20H, VP37A, KMT2C, ARI1B, KNL1, NEDD1, ALMS1, PREX1, DLG5, GEMI5, PIGO, UBS3B, WIPF2, FRS2, PDC6I, ZFN2B, TPC12, SEN15, PCNP, LMO7, ATX2L, CSKI2, PSPC1, P66B, GBF1, SMG7, RTF1, TOPB1, PHF3, MAML1, TTC9A, PRCC, RREB1, CBP, DDX17, SEM4D, ARHG1, GPKOW, FUBP2, LPP, TTC28, PF21A, FAF2, ESS2, EDC3, A7L3B, P121A, PDLI5, FUBP3, VCIP1, PDLI2, Z512B, ZFR, EP400, PRRC1, NOL4L, RBM14, PURB, NACC1, CIC, MED15, NUDC1, SIN3A, AEDO, MINT, HTF4, CNN2, RGPD5, ATX2, HCD2, S29A1, ARI3A, SH3G1, TRIR, DPH2, MGME1, ERP44, ESYT1, CCM2, CNPY3, WAC, DIDO1, HGH1, MMTA2, PAXX, NTM1A, RBM4, SGPP1, HEMGN, HDHD5, YTHD1, FTO, CEP44, BC11B, PITH1, SP130, BRD8, RGAP1, I2BPL, ADNP, DHX36, FOXP1, CENPH, WNK1, E41L1, ZHX3, YTDC2, RANB3, PHAX, ECT2, CNO10, MLXIP, PKHA5, PKHA1, RC3H2, LY9, RDH14, TAF9B, NCOA5, TANC2, TNR6C, CHD8, SDF2L, ARFG3, UBN1, RTN4, PDLI7, CHSTC, STRN4, PNO1, BMP2K, RBM12, STAU2, TXLNG, PNPO, CARF, TAB2, TMOD3, CDK12, F120A, HPBP1, ITSN2, CNOT2, CHMP5, VAPA, CAMP3, RBM27, KANL3, RERE, ZN219, SE1L1, STAP2, LIMD1, TCF20, SEPT9, UBQL2, TRPS1, S30BP, NRBP, EI2BD, SIX4, APC7, TASOR, GMEB2, PARP4, MA1B1, ACINU, ZHX1, CDV3, MRTFB, ZBT21, YETS2, HECD1, ZMYD8, SCAF8, PP6R1, TRI33, TNR6B, ZC3H4, SHAN2, SRRM2, CTND2, SCML2, ZN148, T3JAM, VDAC3, AKAP2, DDX52, NOP58, GIT1, ZN281, SIT1, SALL2, ARIP4, CRBG1, HYOU1, KLF12, PRC2C, YTHD2, CD2AP, TNPO3, SRPRB, TSSC4, NUBP2, HCFC2, FHOD1, NCOR2, GMEB1, NCOA3, S23IP
Species: Homo sapiens
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He J, Fan Z, Tian Y, Yang W, Zhou Y, Zhu Q, Zhang W, Qin W, Yi W. Spatiotemporal Activation of Protein O-GlcNAcylation in Living Cells. Journal of the American Chemical Society 2022 144(10) 35138101
Abstract:
O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is a prevalent protein modification that plays fundamental roles in both cell physiology and pathology. O-GlcNAc is catalyzed solely by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT). The study of protein O-GlcNAc function is limited by the lack of tools to control OGT activity with spatiotemporal resolution in cells. Here, we report light control of OGT activity in cells by replacing a catalytically essential lysine residue with a genetically encoded photocaged lysine. This enables the expression of a transiently inactivated form of OGT, which can be rapidly reactivated by photo-decaging. We demonstrate the activation of OGT activity by monitoring the time-dependent increase of cellular O-GlcNAc and profile glycoproteins using mass-spectrometry-based quantitative proteomics. We further apply this activation strategy to control the morphological contraction of fibroblasts. Furthermore, we achieved spatial activation of OGT activity predominantly in the cytosol. Thus, our approach provides a valuable chemical tool to control cellular O-GlcNAc with much needed spatiotemporal precision, which aids in a better understanding of O-GlcNAc function.
O-GlcNAc proteins:
SBNO1, CNOT1, BACH, PSD11, PSD12, TAF4, CLIC1, EIF3F, IPO5, IF2B3, ARI1A, KMT2D, ANM5, PSA7, HAT1, HGS, MYPT1, XPO1, SC16A, SR140, SET1A, PUR4, NPC1, OGT1, HMGB3, PPM1G, EIF3D, EIF3H, P4HA2, SERA, PSMD3, PAPS1, MSI1H, IF4G3, E41L2, FOXO3, ZN207, BUB3, ACTN4, SYNC, SAHH2, KPRB, GANP, PEPL, OGA, PLOD3, IMA7, IF2P, DNJA2, MITF, CPNE3, CLU, PP6R2, CREST, ANR17, NCOR1, VP26A, CLN5, CSDE1, IDHC, SRP72, MTA2, TOX4, SC24D, PCF11, NFAT5, SC31A, AGFG2, SCAF4, SMC2, IPO7, PSMG1, SC24A, SC24B, EYA4, HS74L, TOM40, LDHA, PNPH, HPRT, PGK1, CAH2, ALDOA, ANXA1, G3P, IF2A, RLA1, RLA2, RLA0, JUN, LA, AGAL, KCRM, ENOA, PYGL, G6PI, LDHB, H10, ANXA2, TBB5, PROF1, APT, SYEP, HS90A, LAMB1, SP1, ANXA6, DAF, PFKAM, HS90B, ASNS, RS17, ANXA5, RSSA, GSTP1, HMGB1, PARP1, LKHA4, ALDOC, ATX1L, HS71B, RO60, PTPRF, THIO, HSP7C, EPB41, UMPS, G6PD, C1TC, ADHX, SRF, PRPS2, PABP1, PCNA, IMDH2, KCRB, PEPD, XRCC6, XRCC5, RINI, EF2, P4HA1, PLST, ACPH, GYS1, KPYM, PO2F1, SYDC, PLAK, ERF3A, NDKA, RS2, CBR1, CREB1, HSP76, PYRG1, DDX5, PFKAL, TCPA, RL35A, ARF4, RL7, RL17, PGAM1, DNLI1, NUCL, SPEE, CSK22, PSB1, FLNA, PIMT, PUR2, PUR6, UBA1, NDKB, RFX1, CBL, RS3, NFYA, SAHH, COF1, EF1B, MCM3, RS12, BRD2, PSA1, PSA2, PSA3, PSA4, MOES, DDX6, DNMT1, PAX6, U2AF2, RL13, SYTC, SYVC, EF1G, 1433T, ARNT, RL10, RFA1, APEX1, PYR1, MAP4, PSB6, PSB5, AMPL, TKT, RBMS1, EF1D, PRDX6, RL12, PEBP1, 2AAA, CDC27, NMT1, PURA2, PUR8, METK2, DNJA1, PUR9, 1433B, STIP1, PRDX2, ELF1, CGL, RL9, KINH, MCM4, MCM5, MCM7, HSP74, RL22, CBS, MYH9, MYH10, COPB2, FUS, DEK, PRS7, RL4, SRP14, TALDO, RS19, RL3, TCPZ, RL13A, MDHC, IF2G, CSK, GARS, SYIC, RS27, RANG, BAG6, NSF, RL27A, RL5, RL21, RL28, RS9, RS10, SYQ, RL29, ATPO, PPCE, COPD, TCPE, PIPNB, AL9A1, NASP, FAS, TCPG, SYAC, SYSC, PSB3, MCM2,