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Wong YK, Wang J, Lim TK, Lin Q, Yap CT, Shen HM. O-GlcNAcylation promotes fatty acid synthase activity under nutritional stress as a pro-survival mechanism in cancer cells. Proteomics 2022 22(9) 35083852
Abstract:
Protein O-GlcNAcylation is a specific form of protein glycosylation that targets a wide range of proteins with important functions. O-GlcNAcylation is known to be deregulated in cancer and has been linked to multiple aspects of cancer pathology. Despite its ubiquity and importance, the current understanding of the role of O-GlcNAcylation in the stress response remains limited. In this study, we performed a quantitative chemical proteomics-based open study of the O-GlcNAcome in HeLa cells, and identified 163 differentially-glycosylated proteins under starvation, involving multiple metabolic pathways. Among them, fatty acid metabolism was found to be targeted and subsequent analysis confirmed that fatty acid synthase (FASN) is O-GlcNAcylated. O-GlcNAcylation led to enhanced de novo fatty acid synthesis (FAS) activity, and fatty acids contributed to the cytoprotective effects of O-GlcNAcylation under starvation. Moreover, dual inhibition of O-GlcNAcylation and FASN displayed a strong synergistic effect in vitro in inducing cell death in cancer cells. Together, the results from this study provide novel insights into the role of O-GlcNAcylation in the nutritional stress response and suggest the potential of combining inhibition of O-GlcNAcylation and FAS in cancer therapy.
O-GlcNAc proteins:
RUXGL, ADAS, DX39A, MYO1C, IPO5, PESC, NOP56, DDX3X, SCD, MGST3, HNRDL, XPO1, SURF4, OGT1, PPM1G, MOT4, DHX15, CYB5B, SERA, HNRPR, BUB3, ACTN4, MYO1B, GANP, HNRPQ, NDUS7, MPU1, H2AY, FLNB, SC22B, SF3B1, U520, UTP20, NU155, ATP5H, RL1D1, MTA2, RTN3, VAPB, IPO7, ACSL3, BAG2, TOM40, LDHA, DHE3, AATM, PGK1, ASSY, LMNA, TFR1, ALDOA, K2C1, G3P, HSPB1, RPN1, AT1A1, ADT2, PCCA, RLA1, RLA0, LA, K1C18, K2C8, ATPB, ENOA, NPM, TPM3, LDHB, PDIA1, ANXA2, TBB5, TRY1, PROF1, SYEP, HS90A, HNRPC, DAF, 4F2, HS90B, ODPA, RU17, VIME, RS17, K2C7, GNAI3, RSSA, LEG1, ROA1, PARP1, PRS56, HS71B, ODP2, THIO, MGST1, CH60, BIP, HSP7C, GTR1, TOP2A, PYC, PABP1, PCNA, ADT3, IMDH2, KCRU, XRCC6, XRCC5, EF2, K1C10, K2C5, PDIA4, PLST, ETFA, MIF, KPYM, ENPL, HNRPL, PLAK, EZRI, NDKA, RS2, DESP, H13, NCPR, AT2A2, DDX5, TCPA, PTN1, ARF4, RL7, RL17, NUCL, GSTM3, FLNA, FBRL, PUR6, UBA1, ROA2, QCR2, SFPQ, PPIB, RS3, SAHH, COF1, MCM3, RS12, ATPA, U2AF2, RL13, S10A4, PTBP1, SYVC, EF1G, STOM, RL10, APEX1, PYR1, CALX, TKT, ERP29, PRDX6, PRDX5, PRDX3, RL12, PDIA3, CPSM, HNRH1, STIP1, L1CAM, PRDX2, P5CR1, DUT, MCM7, GLYM, HSP74, PHB1, RL22, MYH9, SOAT1, DEK, K22E, RL4, LONM, NUP62, GRP75, IF4A3, RL3, RL13A, ARL1, STAT3, MDHM, RFC3, ECHA, SYIC, LAP2A, LPPRC, MATR3, MSH2, GPDM, VDAC2, KI67, BAG6, RL27A, RL5, RS9, STT3A, CAPZB, SYQ, RL29, AT5G3, TCPE, RL34, FAS, TCPG, EFTU, ACADV, TMEDA, NU153, RBP2, CPT1A, SERPH, RL14, TCPQ, TCPD, FXR1, RAB5C, RAB7A, HCFC1, ROA3, 6PGD, HNRPM, IMA1, HNRPF, MSH6, TXTP, ACLY, COPA, MOT1, SYRC, KAD2, P5CS, XPO2, TERA, NP1L1, DSRAD, ATPK, TMM33, TPIS, MYL6, IF4A1, RS20, S10AA, RAP1B, RL15, RL37A, HNRPK, RS8, RS16, 1433E, RS14, RS23, RS11, RUXE, RL7A, RS4X, RS6, H4, RAB1A, RAN, RL23, RS25, RS26, RL10A, RL11, RL8, PPIA, RS27A, RSMN, RACK1, ACTG, UBC9, TBA1B, TBB4B, GTF2I, TCPB, PRKDC, RL24, ARF5, RL19, SRSF3, MPCP, CLH1, HNRPU, SPTB2, EXOSX, RL18A, RL6, IF4G1, K1C17, PRDX1, RL18, C1QBP, KHDR1, DHX9, NCBP1, AHNK, NU160, SF3A3, ILF3, ACACA, PRDX4, CBX3, TIF1B, SPTN1, HNRPD, SAFB2, TTL12, CAPR1, ITPR1, RRP1B, GANAB, LBR, GOGB1, IMB1, NUMA1, SUZ12, U5S1, RRS1, PDIA6, PLEC, TEBP, NONO, PCBP1, PCBP2, DHC24, SF3B3, SF3A1, TRAM1, ELAV1, AAAT, RBBP7, H31T, PDS5A, TSR1, IF2GL, RRP12, NU188, HP1B3, EF1A3, PPR18, PRP8, C1TM, DHX30, CAND1, MISP, SPB1, PELP1, RDH10, CCAR2, TXND5, STT3B, BRX1, PO210, GEMI5, RT27, HS105, GCN1, NU205, AKAP1, AN32B, RBP56, DDX17, FUBP2, TNPO1, UBP7, UTP4, LRC59, PGAM5, FUBP3, MBOA7, MCCA, WRIP1, UHRF1, POP1, HCD2, ROAA, TM9S2, TCPH, ANM1, H2B1L, RNZ2, MEP50, MBB1A, ESYT1, H2AJ, GNL3, HDHD5, GTPB4, API5, RPF2, SFXN1, RDH14, ABCB6, DDX21, MDN1, DCA13, ATD3A, DDX18, MIC19, TEX10, TECR, MYOF, THYN1, HACD3, RRBP1, ABC3B, RLP24, ACINU, OGDHL, COR1C, PRP19, SSRG, TRI33, EIF3L, RUVB1, VDAC3, PDIP2, NOP58, SF3B6, RTCB, RL36, LAS1L, SRPRB, COPG1, MTCH2, CEPT1, ZNT1
Species: Homo sapiens
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Boulard M, Rucli S, Edwards JR, Bestor TH. Methylation-directed glycosylation of chromatin factors represses retrotransposon promoters. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 2020 117(25) 32522876
Abstract:
The mechanisms by which methylated mammalian promoters are transcriptionally silenced even in the presence of all of the factors required for their expression have long been a major unresolved issue in the field of epigenetics. Repression requires the assembly of a methylation-dependent silencing complex that contains the TRIM28 protein (also known as KAP1 and TIF1β), a scaffolding protein without intrinsic repressive or DNA-binding properties. The identity of the key effector within this complex that represses transcription is unknown. We developed a methylation-sensitized interaction screen which revealed that TRIM28 was complexed with O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine transferase (OGT) only in cells that had normal genomic methylation patterns. OGT is the only glycosyltransferase that modifies cytoplasmic and nuclear protein by transfer of N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) to serine and threonine hydroxyls. Whole-genome analysis showed that O-glycosylated proteins and TRIM28 were specifically bound to promoters of active retrotransposons and to imprinting control regions, the two major regulatory sequences controlled by DNA methylation. Furthermore, genome-wide loss of DNA methylation caused a loss of O-GlcNAc from multiple transcriptional repressor proteins associated with TRIM28. A newly developed Cas9-based editing method for targeted removal of O-GlcNAc was directed against retrotransposon promoters. Local chromatin de-GlcNAcylation specifically reactivated the expression of the targeted retrotransposon family without loss of DNA methylation. These data revealed that O-linked glycosylation of chromatin factors is essential for the transcriptional repression of methylated retrotransposons.
O-GlcNAc proteins:
DX39A, MPP10, NOP56, TCRG1, SR140, SNUT1, PRPF3, SMCA5, KDM1A, PR40A, SF3B1, U520, RL1D1, H2A1B, HNRPC, VIME, PARP1, H2AZ, TOP1, TOP2A, H2AX, H15, UBF1, DDX5, RL7, NUCL, LMNB1, FBRL, RS3, DNMT1, U2AF2, RL13, SMCA1, RFC1, DEK, RL4, RBMX, IF4A3, MSH2, CBX5, NOP2, RS9, CTCF, RBM25, SMCA4, HCFC1, HNRPM, MSH6, NUP98, RS3A, RS15A, RS13, RL7A, RS4X, RL23A, RS6, H4, H2B1C, RL8, TRA2B, RACK1, H31, H33, HNRPU, H11, RL18, SRSF1, DHX9, SSRP1, TBL3, CHD3, ILF3, REST, TIF1B, TCOF, SF3B2, HDAC1, NOG2, RBM39, BMS1, CHD4, CUL7, U5S1, SF3B3, PUM3, QSER1, LIN41, SMU1, TDIF2, LITD1, RIF1, TBA1A, EMSY, WDR75, FBXW8, WDR36, DDX17, SNR40, DDX27, ZFR, NACC1, SIN3A, CDC5L, MBB1A, DDX23, UT14A, GTPB4, SENP3, SMRCD, MOV10, DDX21, HELLS, DDX18, DNM3B, ZMYM2, DNM3L, RALY, PRP19, SCML2, DDX52, TR150, NOP58, LAS1L, SP16H, DNM3A
Species: Homo sapiens
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Huo B, Zhang W, Zhao X, Dong H, Yu Y, Wang J, Qian X, Qin W. A triarylphosphine-trimethylpiperidine reagent for the one-step derivatization and enrichment of protein post-translational modifications and identification by mass spectrometry. Chemical communications (Cambridge, England) 2018 54(98) 30379171
Abstract:
We report a new reagent that is capable of both chemical derivatization and selective enrichment of azide-labeled PTM peptides for sensitive identification by mass spectrometry (MS). Facile sample recovery, enhanced ionization and fragmentation in MS of the enriched PTM peptides are achieved, which leads to the identification of 3293 O-GlcNAc peptides and the location of 1706 sites in HeLa cells and efficiently expands the current mapping scale.
O-GlcNAc proteins:
MEIKN, BLT3B, SHOT1, TTC24, PIPSL, HFM1, ZN320, NBAS, CQ102, VWA8, SBNO1, Z804B, CC14C, SH321, EFCB5, XIRP2, ODAD3, CNOT1, BDP1, ANR62, CC88B, AN33B, NKX26, PGP, F186A, ARRD5, FBP12, ANKUB, CI092, CE052, FA47D, SMHD1, LRIQ4, GLOD5, ZN233, SH2D7, MARHB, TTLL8, ABTB3, A30BL, ZSWM8, P121C, ERI2, PP2D1, CEA18, R212B, YV023, ZN727, VGLL3, YD021, RUXGL, IQAK1, MAGBH, FOXO6, FHAD1, SRRM5, ZN879, S14L6, CJ142, KRBX1, MCRI1, FONG, CE067, F227A, CRCC2, KIF2A, MYO1C, EYA2, AP3B1, SPT5H, TAF4, HIP1, CDC7, ST1C2, WASL, IPO5, EMAL1, P3C2A, EXOC5, PSDE, USP9Y, BCL9, CAC1A, PITM1, MPP10, TRI38, NDKM, ARI1A, NCKP5, FCHO1, SOCS3, TRAD1, RHG33, TYB4Y, UTY, ENC1, ZN197, APAF, TERT, CHK1, GNB5, TCRG1, UN13B, RASM, PPE1, IFIT3, IKKB, TIM23, HGS, AURKA, MYPT1, XPO1, IPP2C, ZN646, PDZD2, SPTN2, SET1A, TRNK1, PER2, SYNJ2, ZN536, IKKA, TBX3, ARPC2, TBXT, VILL, NKRF, ZN185, CASC3, CLIC2, ACOX3, NPHP1, OGT1, PPM1D, RA51B, SHIP2, EIF3D, IPO8, MSH4, MAGB4, ARPC5, PER1, ZSC9, ZZEF1, TET3, SI1L1, PRP4, SERA, IRAK2, PSMD3, TEX33, AP5Z1, MTSS1, PAX4, WDR62, PRPF3, SYNJ1, IF4G3, KCAB3, E41L2, FOXO3, TGM5, SYT7, PPIP1, CHM2A, PLRG1, LDB2, BUB1, HTSF1, STX6, ENSA, CPSF5, CREB3, AK1BA, KALRN, MYPT2, MED14, SOX15, KLK8, PRKN, SMCA5, ZC3H1, TYW4, LZTS3, GANP, KIF1B, PHLP1, ZN861, BRNP1, MPZL2, OGA, VINEX, HNRPQ, RNBP6, GMDS, REV3L, JAK2, MAFK, MUSC, CTND1, HPGDS, Z354A, RT14, PQBP1, BRD4, ABCB7, PLCH2, SRGP2, DEN4B, N4BP1, ROCK2, COBL, CPNE3, ZBED4, LIPA3, OBSL1, BRE1B, PHF2, ZC11A, CLU, DJC13, ANR17, SIN3B, LIPA2, LIPA4, ZN253, ZN217, FLNB, NCOR1, NDUS6, RM33, DPOLQ, CDC45, MPPB, USH2A, SRS10, GEMI, ECI2, TAF5L, ZN821, DAB1, MYCB2, U520, OFD1, UTP20, NU155, S2512, PALM, ZN189, CCNK, SERF1, PIAS1, DNJC8, RAD17, ANXA9, CLPX, SEGN, CDKL5, NEBL, S14L2, RECQ4, RECQ5, RMP, AL1A2, TOM70, TOX4, MICA2, K0754, FCSD2, SRBS2, SASH1, CSCL1, LRIG2, SUN1, PRP6, PCF11, KDM4B, CE152, SOX30, UBR5, REC8, DUS14, NDUB8, KLHL2, LETM1, MBD4, KAT7, KCNH1, SMC2, IPO7, SLU7, SVIL, NPT2B, LCA5L, FMNL1, PCNT, CNOT4, CPSF4, NFAC1, EYA4, BRD1, HERC2, HS74L, RIGI, ZMYM6, BAG3, DCMC, DDAH2, TGM3L, TBX18, TBX6, BCL10, APBA3, NSD2, GSHR, CRYAB, LMNA, SPTA1,